英语词汇学第九章.doc

第九章
词汇:
colloquialisms  口语
catchphrases  n. 标语,警句
 proverbs   n. 箴言篇
 illogical  adj. 不合逻辑的;不合常理的
explicit adj. 明确的 
rhetoric  n. 修辞 adj. 花言巧语的
Juxtaposition  n. 并置,并列
attributes n. 属性(attribute的复数)v. 认为…属于;把…归咎于;确定…产生的时间(attribute的第三人称单数)
要点:
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idioms consist of set phrases and short sentences, which are peculiar to the language in question and 
loaded with the native cultures and ideas. 
Strictly speaking, idioms are expressions that are not readily understandable from their literal meanings 
of individual elements. 
In a broad sense, idioms may include colloquialisms, catchphrases, slang expressions, proverbs,etc.
 of idioms 
1. Semantic unity - Idioms each consist of more than one word, but each is a semantic unity. Though the various 
words which make up the idiom have their respective literal meanings, in the idiom they have lost their individual meaning. Their meanings are not often recognizable in the meaning of the whole idiom. The part of speech of each element is no longer important. Quite often the idiom functions as one word. 
. till the e home  =forever
The relationship between the literal meaning of each word and the meaning of the idiom is illogical. 
Many idioms are semantically inexplicable. 
. How do you do 
Wear one‘s heart upon one‘s sleeve show one‘s feeling plainly
 Rain cats and dogs 
2. Structural