虚拟语气 图文.ppt

虚拟语气
Subjunctive
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The subjunctive mood
英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气:陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气有动词的不同形式来表示。
一:陈述语气用来陈述一个事实,或提出一种看法,有肯定、否定、疑问、或感叹等形式。
I am not interested in what you said.
Have you ever been to France?
What a splendid palace!
二:祈使语气用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。
Let’s have a talk.
Don’t jump in the queue.
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三:虚拟语气
1。If he has time , he e . 如果有时间他是会来的。
2。If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to ic. 如果明天下雨,我们就不去野餐了。
3。If I were you , I wouldn’t lose heart. 我要是你,我不会灰心的。(我不是你)。
4。If he were here, everything would be all right . 要是他在这里,一切都没问题了。(他不在这里)
包含条件从句的句子成为条件句。条件句有两类,一类是真实条件句。(如果假设的情况是有可能发生的。)
一类是虚拟条件句。(表示纯粹假设或实现可可能性不大)。
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虚拟语气
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实,而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中);一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。
虚拟语气的概念
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Answer the questions:
Q: If someone gave you a valuable painting as a present . What would you do with it ? (与现在事实相反,事实上不可能有人给你)
A1: I someone gave me a valuable painting , I would hang it on the wall of my bedroom.
A2:I would give it to our town’s art gallery so lots of people could enjoy it .
Q: If I were you, I would go at once.
假如我是你的话,我会马上走。(与现在事实相反,事实上我不可能是你)
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表示与事实情况相反
条件从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
表示现在情况
过去式(did)
(be常用 were)
Would / could / might / should (用于第1人称) +动词原形(do)
you _______(e) the head of the United Nations, what _____you ____(do) first?
you _____(be) the mayor of your city, what changes ______you ______(do)?
you ____________(can travel) anywhere in the world . Where ______you ____(go) and what ____ you ____(do)?
e
would
do
were
would
do
could travel
would
go
would
do
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[例句]
If you e a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
要是你早来几分钟的话,你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反)
he had studied harder, he would have got through the exam. (与过去事实相反,事实上他没有通过考试)
he ________________ (not be) ill, he __________________ something to help us.
虚拟语气在在条件从句中
表示与事实情况相反
条件从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
表示过去情况
过去完成式(had +done)
上面4个情态动词+have done
hadn’t been
would have done
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it were sunny tomorrow, I e to se