气相色谱法分析.ppt

Chapter 2 Gas Chromatography 气相色谱法
应用范围
挥发性的、热稳定的样品
气相色谱基本流程
气路系统
汽化系统
柱系统
检测系统
记录系统
1. Gas Chromatography Stationary Phase
气相色谱固定相
Gas-solid chromatography(气固色谱法)
Gas-liquid chromatography(气液色谱法)
(1)Gas-solid Chromatography Stationary Phase常用的气固色谱吸附剂
Application
Active carbon
Permanent gases and hydrocarbons (c1-c4) 炭质材料
Silica gel
Permanent gases and hydrocarbons (c1-c4) 硅胶
Alumina
Hydrocarbons and isomer 氧化铝
Molecular sieve
Permanent gases and inert gases 分子筛
Macromolecule porous spherule
H2O
CO,CO2,CH4,alcohol 高分子多孔小球
H2S,SO2,NH3,NO2
Absorbent
(2)Gas-liquid Chromatography Stationary Phase气液色谱固定相
Support 担体
Kieselguhr 硅藻土
红色担体
白色担体
Nonkieselguhr 非硅藻土
聚四氟乙烯
玻璃微珠
Applications of liquid stationary 固定液
types
polarity
characteristic
examples
hydrocarbon
low
Non-pounds
Squatane 角鲨烷
Silicon oil
fargoing
Fargoing
SE-30、SE-54、OV 硅油类
PEG
聚乙二醇
high
High-pounds
Corbowax-6000、PEG-20M
ester
酯
Medium
to high
cheap
DNP,FFAP
nitrile
high
High-pounds
腈类
others
Isomer separation
liquid crystal 液晶等
Characterization of liquid stationary(固定液的表征)
Mark Reynolds constant (麦克雷诺常数)
Probes: benzene、n-butanol、2-pentanone、nitryl propane、pyridine、2-methyl-2-pentanol、1-iodin butane、2-octine、dioxane、octahydroindene
ΔI :X’、Y’、Z’、U’、S’、H、J、K、L、M
Reflect the interaction between the solute and the liquid stationary phase
The choice of liquid stationary phasePrinciple:like dissolves like固定相的选择原则:相似相溶
2. GC Detector 常用的气相色谱检测器
Thermal conductivity detector (TCD) 热导检测器
Flame ionization detector (FID) 氢火焰离子化检测器
Electron capture detector (ECD) 电子俘获检测器
Flame photometric detector (FPD) 火焰光度检测器
Nitrogen – phosphorus detector (NPD) 氮磷检测器