林南翻译3.docx

Social capital and civic action: work-based approach
社会资本与公民行动:网络分析的路径
Joonmo Son *, Nan Lin
Abstract:We propose that social capital, defined as resources embedded in individual works, produces expressive and instrumental civic actions. The 2000 Social Capital Benchmark Survey data were used to examine the hypothesis. Structural equation modeling confirmed that (1) individual social capital was the consistent and significant predictor of both expressive and instrumental civic actions; (2) organizational social capital played the most important role in predicting instrumental civic actions, although it was not significant in predicting expressive civic actions; and (3) civic actions are gendered: women were more likely to be involved in expressive civic actions, but the female dominance disappeared in the realm of instrumental civic actions.
Keywords: Social capital; Individual anizational social capital; Expressive and instrumental civic actions; Gendered civic actions;
摘要:在本文中,我们将社会资本定义为嵌入个体和组织网络的资源,并假定社会资本可以生产产生表达性和工具性的公民行动。我们采用社会资本基准调查2000年的数据对这一假设进行检验。通过结构方程模型的方法可以确定:(1)无论是在表达性还是工具性公民行动中,个体社会资本都是具有统计显著性的预测变量;(2)组织社会资本在预测工具性公民行动时有着重要的作用,但是在预测表达性公民行动时不具备统计显著性;(3)公民行动有性别差异:女性更有可能参与表达性公民行动,但是在工具性公民行动的领域,女性的这种主导地位消失不复存在了。
关键词:社会资本;个体及组织社会资本;表达性和工具性公民行动;性别化的公民行动;结构方程模型
1. Introduction
Social capital, a salient area of social science research, has been seen as a useful perspective for understandinghow social elements may enhance performance of individuals as well as collectives (Bourdieu, 1980, 1983/1986; Coleman, 1988, 1990; Lin, 1982, 1997, 2001a). Studies on social capital have emerged in two researchtraditions. One focuses on the utility of social capital for individual actors—how individuals access and mobilizeresources embedded in works to attain personal goals, such as status attainment (Burt, 1992,2000; Erickson, 1996; Flap, 1991). Another focuses on the utility of social capital for collective actors—how participation in groups and associations enhanc