高中英语论文.doc

高考必考系列之——语法知识必背
非谓语动词之——不定式(The Infinitive)
不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,有些情况下to可以省略。具有n./adj./,在句中充当主/宾/表/定/状/补。
课文原句语法呈现
I 不定式的句法功能
不定式作主语
1. To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us, we were surprised by the view.(B1U3)
上山很艰难,但是当我们环顾四周,(眼前的)景色让我们感到惊叹不已。
2. To ignore this would be a mistake. 忽略这一点是错误的。
※ it 作形式主语,不定式作真正主语的情况:
1. It’s important to know your limitation. 知道自己的局限性是重要的。
2. It’s a pity to leave so early. 这么早走太遗憾。
不定式作宾语
1. I don’t want to end the friendship, but I hate others gossiping.(B1U1)
我不想要结束我们的友谊,但我讨厌别人闲言闲语。
2. In the early evening we always stop to make camp. (B1U3)一到傍晚,我们通常就停下来宿营。
不定式作表语
1. We seemed to be able to see for miles. (B1U3)我们似乎能看到几百里以外的地方。
2. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. (B2U3)
不管怎样,我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。
不定式作定语
通常要放在被修饰的词后,往往表示未发生的动作。例如:
1. After graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip. (B1U3)
大学毕业以后,我们终于有了机会骑自行车旅行。
2. Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide. (B1U4) 鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。
不定式作状语
※不定式做目的状语
常用结构为to do , in order to do, so as to do, so(such)… as to…
1. I’m waiting here to see the sunrise. 我等在这儿,为的是看日出。
2. So good things are being done here to save local wildlife. (B2U4)
因此,为了拯救当地的野生动植物,他们也在做一些好事。
※不定式做结果状语
He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. 他匆忙赶到车站,却发现火车已经开走了。
不定式作补语
有些有动词+宾语+不定式