不同高产、高效栽培模式下稻—麦轮作生态系统净温室效应研究.docx

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不同高产、高效栽培模式下稻—麦轮作生态系统净温室效应研究
摘要：稻—麦轮作是一种常见的农业生产模式，以其高产、高效的特点受到了广泛关注。然而，稻麦轮作对生态系统的净温室效应尚不清楚。本研究通过对比不同高产、高效栽培模式下的稻麦轮作生态系统CO2排放和温室气体截留，以及土壤碳库的变化情况，探讨了稻麦轮作对减缓气候变化的潜力。
引言：随着全球气候变化的日益严重，减缓温室效应已成为全球共同关注的问题。农业作为重要的温室气体排放来源之一，其减排潜力不容忽视。稻麦轮作生态系统作为一种高效栽培模式，有望在农业温室效应减排中发挥重要作用。本文旨在探讨不同高产、高效栽培模式下的稻麦轮作生态系统净温室效应。
方法：本研究选择两种常见的高产、高效栽培模式，分别为化肥施用模式和有机农业模式。通过定位观测，测量生态系统CO2排放和温室气体截留，并采集土壤样本，分析其碳储量变化。
结果：研究结果表明，在化肥施用模式下，稻麦轮作生态系统的CO2排放量较高，温室气体截留效果较差。而在有机农业模式下，稻麦轮作生态系统的CO2排放量较低，温室气体截留效果较好。此外，有机农业模式下的土壤碳储量较高，有助于减缓全球气候变化。
讨论：化肥施用模式下，稻麦轮作生态系统的高碳排放主要源于化肥的使用。而有机农业模式下，通过有机肥料的使用，不仅降低了化肥的使用量，还增加了土壤有机碳的储存，减缓了温室效应。因此，有机农业模式下的稻麦轮作生态系统具有更好的减排效果。
结论：稻麦轮作生态系统在减缓气候变化方面具有潜力。有机农业模式下的稻麦轮作生态系统能够显著降低CO2排放量，提高温室气体截留效果，并且增加土壤碳储量，为减缓全球气候变化作出贡献。因此，推广有机农业模式下的稻麦轮作生态系统，有利于实现农业的可持续发展和生态环境的保护。
关键词：稻麦轮作；高产、高效栽培模式；净温室效应；CO2排放；温室气体截留；土壤碳库。
Abstract: Rice-wheat rotation is a commonly used agricultural production mode known for its high yield and efficiency. However, the net greenhouse effect of rice-wheat rotation on the ecosystem is still unclear. In this study, by comparing the CO2 emissions, greenhouse gas retention, and changes in soil carbon pools in different high-yield and efficient cultivation modes of rice-wheat rotation, the potential of rice-wheat rotation in mitigating climate change is explored.
Introduction: With the increasing severity of global climate change, mitigating greenhouse effects has become a global concern. Agriculture, as an important source of greenhouse gas emissions, cannot be ignored in terms of its potential for emission reduction. Rice-wheat rotation ecosystem, as an efficient cultivation mode, is expected to play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture. This paper aims to explore the net greenhouse effect of rice-wheat rotation ecosystem under different high-yield and efficient cultivation modes.
Methods: This study selected two commonly used high-yield and efficient cultivation modes, namely, chemical fertilizer application mode and organic agriculture mode. By locating observations, measuring the CO2 emissions and greenhouse gas retention of the ecosystem, and collecting soil samples for analysis of carbon storage changes.
Results: The results of the study showed that under the chemical fertilizer application mode, the CO2 emissions of the rice-wheat rotation ecosystem were higher, and the greenhouse gas retention effect was poorer. In contrast, under the organic agriculture mode, the CO2 emissions of the rice-wheat rotation ecosystem were lower, and the greenhouse gas retention effect was better. In addition, under the organic agriculture mode, the soil carbon storage of the rice-wheat rotation ecosystem was higher, which contributes to mitigating global climate change.
Discussion: In the chemical fertilizer application mode, the high carbon emissions of the rice-wheat rotation ecosystem are mainly due to the use of chemical fertilizers. In contrast, under the organic agriculture mode, the use of organic fertilizers not only reduces the amount of chemical fertilizers used but also increases soil organic carbon storage, reducing greenhouse effects. Therefore, the rice-wheat rotation ecosystem under the organic agriculture mode has better emission reduction effects.
Conclusion: The rice-wheat rotation ecosystem has the potential to mitigate climate change. The rice-wheat rotation ecosystem under the organic agriculture mode can significantly reduce CO2 emissions, improve greenhouse gas retention effect, and increase soil carbon storage, making contributions to mitigating global climate change. Therefore, promoting the rice-wheat rotation ecosystem under the organic agriculture mode is beneficial for achieving sustainable agricultural development and protecting the ecological environment.
Keywords: Rice-wheat rotation; high-yield and efficient cultivation mode; net greenhouse effect; CO2 emissions; greenhouse gas retention; soil carbon pool.