该【(备考词汇专攻)中考英语小复习-221-230(10份10组专题) 】是由【286919636】上传分享,文档一共【3】页,该文档可以免费在线阅读,需要了解更多关于【(备考词汇专攻)中考英语小复习-221-230(10份10组专题) 】的内容,可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能,选择自己适合的文档,以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字,如需要获得完整电子版,请下载此文档到您的设备,方便您编辑和打印。(备考词汇专攻)中考英语小复习 221-230(10份10组专题) §221 high/ tall Ⅰ. high “高(的)”,普通用语。与low 相对。指块状物体的高度。主要指本身比一般同类东西较高,或指所处位置较高。如: That’s a very high mountain. 那是一座很高的山。 He looked at the high ceiling. 他望着高高的天花板。 Ⅱ. tall “高的”,常与short相对,也指同类中较高的,尤其是表示高度远远超过宽度或直径。即指细长物体的高度。因此可以指人,也可指物。当指物时,往往可与high 通用。但不可指山,或大型建筑物。如: She is rather tall. 她相当高。 We can see the tall (high) tower. 我们可以看到那个高塔。 §222 hill/ mountain Ⅰ. hill “小山”通常比mountain 小。如: I went down the hill. 我从山上走下来。 The house stands on the top of a hill. 房子在山顶上。 Ⅱ. mountain “高山”,比hill大。如: We made our way up the mountain. 我们登山。 He was brought up in the mountain. 他在山里长大的。 §223 help with / help…with. Ⅰ. help with “帮助”后面直接跟名词。如: Jones will help with the concert. 琼斯将帮助搞音乐会。 The children are helping with the housework. 孩子们正在帮助做家务。 Ⅱ. help …with. “帮助某人做某事”即help st with sth. 如: May I help you with your luggage? 我帮你拿行李好吗? My father used to help me with my lessons. 父亲过去常常帮助我做功课。 §224 human being/ man / person/ people Ⅰ. human being “人类”,可数名词,算数为human beings. 意义较具体,以区别于动物、鬼神之类。如: There were no sight of human beings on the island although there were monkeys, wild goats and snakes. 那个岛上虽然有猴子,野羊和蛇,但没有人居住过的痕迹。 Ⅱ. man “人类”,单数或复数均可。其前不用限定词。如: Man must make the earth support more people. 人类必须使地球养活更多的人。 Ⅲ. person. “人”着重指个别而言。与animal相对。指男,女,老,少均可。如: There are only three persons in the room. 房间里只有三个人。 Ⅳ. people “人”是集合名词。与enemy相对,有较强的感情色彩。指普通人时,可与person代换。其复数形式为“民族”之意。如: Most people think so 大多数人这样想。 There are more than 50 peoples in our country. 我国有50多个民族。 §225 hanged / hung 这两个词都是hang的过去分词。 Ⅰ. hanged 是hang用作“上吊;绞死”时的过去时和过去分词。 The murderer was hanged this morning. 那个杀人犯今天上午被绞死。 He hanged himself from a beam in the attic. 他在阁楼上悬梁自尽了。 Ⅱ. hung 是hang 用作“悬挂;下垂”等 意思时过去时和过去分词。如: She hung the Christmas decorations on the tree. 她把圣诞节的装饰品挂在树上。 He hung his head in shame. 他羞耻得垂下脑袋。 §226 hurry up/ hurry off(away) / hurry to Ⅰ. hurry up 中的up是副词。“赶快、快点、加紧”之意。含有催促、命令之意。且常用于肯定结构,偶而用于否定结构时,up可省。如: Ⅱ.hurry off / away中的 away是副词。“匆匆离去”无催促之意。如: Li Lei hurried off /away without a word. 李雷一句话不说就匆匆走了。 With this, the woman hurried away / off. = With this, the woman went away in a ,那妇人匆匆离去。 Ⅲ. hurry to 是短语动词。to 介词。“匆匆去某地”如: He hurried to his office. = He went to his office in a hurry. Ⅳ. in a hurry. 介词短语。“匆忙地(地)”,“慌忙地(的)” She dressed herself for the party in a hurry. 她为参加联欢会而匆忙地换穿衣服。 You are always in a hurry. 你总是匆匆忙忙地。 §227 hurt/ injure/ wound Ⅰ.hurt的意思是“使受伤、使疼痛、使伤心、伤害”,它是普通用语,可以表示使肉体受伤或疼痛,也可以表示使感情受到伤害。如: He hurt his back when he fell. 他跌到时伤了背部。 My shoe is too tight, it hurts (me). 我的鞋太紧,使我的脚感到痛。 That’ll hurt her feelings. 那会伤她的感情。 Ⅱ.injure的意思是“伤害、损害”,指损害一个人的外表、健康、完好的东西(如自尊心、名誉、成就)等。如: He injured an arm in a car accident. 他在一次车祸中伤了一只手臂。 You will injure your health by smoking too much. 你吸烟太多,有伤身体。 This injured his pride. 这伤了他的自尊心。 Ⅲ.wound的意思是“受伤、伤害”,通常指因外来的暴力使身体受伤,尤指在战争中或遭袭击受伤。它也可以指精神上受创伤。如: Ten soldiers were killed and thirty wounded. 十名士兵阵亡,三十名受伤。 The bullet wounded him in the shoulder. 枪弹打伤了他的肩膀。 He felt wounded in his honour. 他觉得他的名誉受到了伤害。 §228 if/ whether Ⅰ.都有“是否”之意。在某种情况下右互换。如: Ⅱ. 但在下列6种情况下if 不能替换whether: 正式文体中,句中有or not时。如: I wonder whether it is big enough or not. 我不知道它是否够大。 2.引导主语、表语、同位语从句时。如: Whether it is true(or not) is still a question. 它是不是真的还是一个问题。 3. 作介词宾语时,如: I haven’t decided the quwstion of whether I’ll go back home. 我还未决定是否要回家去。 4. 放在不定式前,与不定式组成词组。如: Li Lei hasn’t decided whether to go or not. 李雷还未决定去还是不去。 5. 作discuss等词的宾语时,如: They discuss whether they should close the shop. 他们讲座是否该关闭那家商店。 6. 引导的从句放在句首时。如: Whether this is true or not, I cannot 。 Ⅲ. if 还有连词的功能,意为“如果”引导条件状语从句;而whether另有“不管,无论”之意,引导让步状语从句。如: Whether you like it or not, you’ll have to do it. 不管你喜欢不喜欢,你必须做这件事。 §229 ill/ sick Ⅰ. ill “病”,常用作表语,一般不作名词的前置定语用;而sick可直接作前置定语用。如: She is looking after her sick mother. (不能用ill) 她在照顾她生病的母亲。 He was ill yesterday. 昨天他病了。 Ⅱ. ill 可放在被修饰的名词后面。如: He is a man ill with TB. 他是一个患肺结核的人。 Ⅲ. ill 的比较级和最高级分别是worse和worst. 表病重时,一般不说heavily ill/ sick. 而应说:seriously sick/ ill. 如: He caught a cold and soon got worse. 他得了伤风,不久就更厉害了。 His uncle is seriously ill. 他的叔叔病得很重。 §230 in / after/ later 都有“在……之后”的意思,区别在于: Ⅱ.after是介词,用来表示在某一具体时间或某一具体事件以后,谓语动词可用于过去时,也可用将来时。如: He will arrive after four o’clock. 他将在四点以后到达。 She said she would be back after five o’clock. [注] 此情况下时间名词应为点时间。 after 还可以表示从过去某时起若干时间之后,谓语动词用过去时,不能用将来时。如:Lucy started after two days. [注] 此时应为段时间名词。 Ⅲ.later是副词,不能用于从讲话时刻算起的若干时间之后,要根据上下文推断从何时起至何时之后。如: I shall call on Mr Li on May 1st and shall call again about a week later. 五月一日我将拜访李先生,大约一星期之后我再来拜访。 I shall call again later. [注] later只能放在段时间名词之后。