高解吸率CO2复合吸收剂的性能研究.docx

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高解吸率CO2复合吸收剂的性能研究
Abstract
Environmental concerns have prompted extensive research into CO2 capture technologies. Among these, aqueous amine-based absorption technology is one of the most well-established and widely used methods for CO2 capture. However, one of the major challenges with this technology is the high energy required for solvent regeneration due to the low CO2 desorption rate. Therefore, developing high desorption rate CO2 composite absorption agents has drawn considerable research attention in recent years. In this paper, we review recent advances in CO2 composite absorption agents that exhibit high desorption rates and discuss the key factors that affect their performance.
Introduction
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the most abundant greenhouse gases, and its increasing concentration in the atmosphere is responsible for global climate change. Therefore, the development of efficient CO2 capture technologies is of crucial importance for mitigating the impact of CO2 emissions. Among these technologies, aqueous amine-based absorption technology is a well-established and widely used method for CO2 capture. However, the low CO2 desorption rate of traditional amines is a major challenge for the widespread adoption of this technology. Therefore, researchers have been exploring various options to enhance the performance of aqueous amine-based absorption technology.
CO2 Composite Absorption Agents
Composite absorption agents are composed of two or more chemical components that can synergistically enhance their CO2 absorption and desorption properties. Composite absorption agents have advantages over single-component absorption agents because they can be tailored to enhance their performance by optimizing the interaction between their chemical components. In recent years, a variety of CO2 composite absorption agents have been developed, which exhibit high desorption rates. The following are some examples:
1. Amine-Functionalized Ionic Liquids (ILs)
ILs are organic salts with unique properties, such as low vapor pressure, high thermal stability and broad chemical tunability. Amine-functionalized ILs have been studied as CO2 composite absorption agents due to their high CO2 absorption capacity. In addition, they exhibit high desorption rates, which can be attributed to the interaction between the amine groups and CO2 molecules. For example, Wu et al. (2018) synthesized a series of amine-functionalized ILs and found that their CO2 absorption and desorption properties were strongly influenced by the structural and chemical properties of the ILs.
2. Amine-Functionalized Zeolites
Zeolites are porous materials with a three-dimensional framework structure and are widely used as adsorbents and catalysts. Amine-functionalized zeolites have been studied as CO2 composite absorption agents due to their high CO2 adsorption capacity and selective adsorption properties. The amine groups on the zeolite surface can interact with the CO2 molecules and provide a pathway for rapid CO2 desorption. For example, Zhao et al. (2015) synthesized an amine-functionalized zeolite (ZMP-1) and found that it exhibited a high CO2 desorption rate under mild conditions due to its unique pore structure and strong interaction between the zeolite surface and the CO2 molecules.
3. Amine-Functionalized MOFs
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of crystalline materials with high surface area, tunable pore size, and wide chemical tunability. Amine-functionalized MOFs have been studied as CO2 composite absorption agents due to their high CO2 adsorption capacity and tunable pore size. The amine groups on the MOF surface can interact with the CO2 molecules and provide a pathway for rapid CO2 desorption. For example, Li et al. (2019) synthesized an amine-functionalized MOF (CP-66-NH2) and found that it exhibited a high CO2 adsorption capacity and a rapid CO2 desorption rate due to its unique microporous structure and strong interaction between the MOF surface and the CO2 molecules.
Factors Affecting the Performance of CO2 Composite Absorption Agents
The performance of CO2 composite absorption agents is influenced by various factors, such as chemical composition, molecular structure, and environmental conditions. The following are some of the key factors that affect the performance of CO2 composite absorption agents:
1. Chemical Composition
The chemical composition of CO2 composite absorption agents plays a crucial role in their CO2 absorption and desorption properties. Different chemical components can interact with CO2 molecules in different ways, and the strength of the interaction can vary depending on the chemical structure. Therefore, optimizing the chemical composition of CO2 composite absorption agents is crucial for enhancing their performance.
2. Molecular Structure
The molecular structure of CO2 composite absorption agents also affects their CO2 absorption and desorption properties. The size, shape, and functional groups of the molecules can influence the accessibility of the CO2 molecules to the absorption sites and the strength of the interaction between the molecules. Therefore, designing CO2 composite absorption agents with an optimized molecular structure can improve their performance.
3. Environmental Conditions
Environmental conditions such as temperature and pressure can also affect the CO2 absorption and desorption properties of composite absorption agents. Higher temperatures and lower pressures generally favor CO2 desorption, while lower temperatures and higher pressures favor CO2 absorption. Therefore, optimizing the environmental conditions for CO2 absorption and desorption is also important for the efficient operation of CO2 composite absorption agents.
Conclusion
CO2 composite absorption agents have shown great potential for enhancing the performance of aqueous amine-based absorption technology. Various types of CO2 composite absorption agents have been developed and studied, which exhibit high CO2 desorption rates. The performance of CO2 composite absorption agents is influenced by various factors, such as chemical composition, molecular structure, and environmental conditions. Future research should focus on developing optimized CO2 composite absorption agents for efficient CO2 capture and desorption.