中考英语单项选择题解题技巧及陷阱类型教学课件.ppt

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即陷阱应试策略
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一、方法和指导
1、直接选定法。
即直接利用相关语法知识，通过题干中的已供信息，捕捉到解题线索，从而得出答案的解题方法。如:
1)-What are you going to do, Jane?
-Oh, my mother asks me ____ some food for supper.
A buy B to buy C buys D buying
2) We have worked for three hours. Now let’s stop____a rest.
A had B have C to have D having
3) This is a big class and ____ of the students are girls.
A two third B second three C two thirds D two three
4) – I’ve had enough bread ,would you like ______.
A a few more B one more C another more D some more
5)He has failed several times, but he won’t ____
A go on B come on C get up D give up
B
C
C
D
D
此法主要用于较简单的试题，但必须要求对基本知识点，语法点熟练掌握。
2、关键词暗示法。
题目中的关键词对于快速而准确的判定答案起着至关重要的作用，找到句中的关键词，也就找到了解题的突破口。如:
1） He has never been to Beijing before,______?
A has he B hasn’t he C did he D does he
2) -What did you see, Mary?
I saw a lot of trees on _____ of the lake.
A either side B all sides C both sides D other sides
3) We have got two TV set, but _____ works well.
A any B both C neither D either
4) It___ ten years since we last ____ in Beijing.
A was, met B has been, met C was, meet D is ,meet
A
B
C
B
3、类推比较法 ·如果对题目的备选答案没有十分把握或把握很小，不妨利用“如果A对，那么B也对”的类推法，从而将AB予以否定，如：
1)Who’s the woman over there? – She is ____
A teacher B a friend of mine
C a famous actress D fourteen years old
2) Could you tell me when Tom_______ here？
A got to B arrived in C reached D reached to
B
C
4、前后照应法 解题时，为了透彻理解，要联系上下文，捕捉隐含信息，方能准确找出答案，此方法多用于两个以上句子或对话形式命题的题目。如：
1）-Which would you like, coffee or milk?
-____ , I just want to have some hot water.
A Either B Both C Neither D All
- Tom didn’t go to schoo this morning, did he?
-______, though he didn’t feel well.
A Yes, he did B No, he did C Yes, he didn’t D No, he didn’t
C
A
5、逐个排除法 根据题干提供的信息，将干扰答案和错误答案逐个排除，缩小选题范围，然后将剩余的填入空白处进行检查，确定是否正确，如：
1）Could you tell me_____ ? A who is that man B how much it costs to fly to Beijing C why is he crying so sadly D whether has he arrived 2) Remember ,boys and girls ___ you work, __ result you will get. A The better, the harder B The harder, the better C The hard, the better D The harder, the good 3) I usually have milk and bread for supper.-______. A So have I B So do I C I have to D I do so 4) I asked you ______ next。 A what shall we do B we should do what C what should we do D what we should do 5) Could you tell me ___? I have something important to tell him. A where is Tom B where Tom is C where Tom will be D where Tom was
B
B
D
B
B
6、交际应答根据交际用语的习惯搭配，联系上下文直接解题，如：
1）-Your dress looks really nice. -_____ A Not at all B Thanks C Not nicer than yours D Don’t say so 2) –Could you help me carry the heavy box. -_______. A My pleasure B You are right C Don’t worry D with pleasure 3) - I lost my bike yesterday. -______ A Who did it B I’m sorry to hear that C Never mind D Don’t worry, you can buy another one. 4）-Don’t step on the grass. -______. A Is that so? B Don’t worry C I don’t know D Sorry ,I won’t 5) -Would you mind if I sit here？ - ______, it’s for Mr. Brown. A Not at all B Never mind C Better not D Of course not
在做此种类型的要求我们必须了解中西方文化差异，避免受中国传统习俗的影响，还用认真审题弄清对话所给的情景。
B
D
D
B
C
二、常见陷阱即解题技巧
单项选择题考查学生准确而灵活的运用语法知识的能力和在语境中进行交际的能力，因此，答题时同学们不应死板硬套，而是应该随机应变，灵活作答。以下是常见的陷阱类型。
陷阱一：利用固定词语或固定搭配干扰选项。如
1）There is a lot ___ vegegtables in the supermarket this week than last week. A of B many C much D more 2) -Would you like some tea? – Yes, I prefer tea____ sugar. A to B for C with D of
陷阱二：省略句子成分，干扰选项。如：
1）-What do you think made the little girl so happy? -______ a new dress. A Because she bought B Buying C Because of buying D As she bought 2) - What are on show in the museum? –Some pictures_____ by Tom last week A took B were taken C taken D are taken
C
D
B
C
陷阱三：套用某种句型，干扰固定搭配。如：
When he went to see the doctor , he was told not only_____to bed early,but also _____ do more exercise. A go, do B going, doing C to go, to do D went, did
陷阱四：利用汉语思维，干扰选项。如：
1)The price of gold is ____ than before. A expensive B more expensive C high D higher. 2) China has _____ population in the world. A the most B the least C the largest D the smallest
陷阱五：导致时态误用，干扰选项。如：
1）I don’t know if he _____here , I wil tell you if he _____. A comes, comes B will come, comes C comes, will come D will come, will come 2) We will have a meeting as soon as he ______. A reaches B will arrive C arrives D will reach 3) You can’t pass the test next term unless you ____ hard . A will study B study C has studied D are studying 4)-Mum, when shall we go out? - As long as your homework____ A will finish B has finished C is finished D will be finished.
C
D
B
C
B
C
C
陷阱六：混用相似句型句式，干扰选项。如：
1）Shanghai is larger than____ city in India. A any other B the other C any D the 2) She used ____up late, but now he is used ____up early A to get, to get B to get, to getting C to getting, to getting D to getting, to get
陷阱七：知识记忆缺陷，干扰选项。如：
1）There is ____ “u” and ____ “ s” in the word “bus”. A a, an B an, an C an, a D a, a 2) I like the silk dress ,and it ______ soft and comfortable. A feels B is felt C is feeling D has felt 3) This is ___ song I told you to listen to. Isn’t it __ beautiful one? A the, the B the, a C a, the D a, a 4) He told us that the sun _____ in the east. A rose B had risen C rises D roses 5) Which is ______of the two girls? A beautiful B more beautiful C the most beautiful D the more beautiful
C
D
B
A
A
B
C
陷阱八：插入定语从句或宾语从句。干扰选项
1)Everything I ___ to the new house. A have taken B has been taken C have has been taken D was taken 2) You can never imagine what great diffculty I have _ your house. A found B to find C finding D founded 3) The man we talked to _____ us happy sometimes. A make B makes C made D making 4) The man whose song we are fond of ____ in our city next week. A singing B to sing C sings D will sing 5) The doctor did what he could ______ the sick man. A to save B saved C save D saving
C
D
B
A
B