that与which的用法区别.doc

that与which的用法区别
 两者都可指物,常可互换。其区别主要在于:
1. 引导非限制性定语从句时,通常要用which:
The current, which is very rapid, makes the river dangerous.
He has to work on Sundays, which he doesn’t like.
The London team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season.
2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时,通常要用which:
She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her.
The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.
This morning some port wine came, for which I have to thank you.
注:有时“介词+which”引导的定语从句可以转换成“介词+which+不定式”结构:
He had only the long nights in which he could study. =He had only the long nights in which to study.
He had a couple of revolvers with which he could defend himself.= He had a couple of revolvers with which to defend himself.
3. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时,通常用that:
All that she lacked was training.
Have you everything that you need?
The sleeping man’s subconscious mind retained everything that was said around him.
She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents.
4. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时,通常用that:
This is the only example that I know.
Those are the very words that he used.。
5. 当先行词有形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时,通常用that:
This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used.
The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan.
6. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时,通常