世纪佳缘电影映前广告应用策略.ppt

(in the . in 1997, cents per kWh)
coal
nuclear
gas
oil
wind
solar
¢
¢
¢
¢
¢
22 ¢
Nuclear Energy Institute, American Wind Energy Association, American Solar Energy Society
Today: Production Cost of Electricity
Photons to Chemicals-Overall Process
hn
Building blocks: H2O and Photons
H2O
H2
O2
Photons to Chemicals-Overall Process
hn
Building blocks: H2O and Photons
H2O
electricity
photovoltaic
electrolysis
O2
H2
Photons to Chemicals-Overall Process
hn
Building blocks: H2O, CO2 and Photons
H2O
electricity
photovoltaic
electrolysis
O2
H2
CO2
CH3OH
[CH3OH (l) can be substituted by CH4 (g)]
Methanol synthesis
reactor
Photons to Chemicals-Overall Process
hn
Building blocks: H2O, CO2 and Photons
H2O
electricity
photovoltaic
electrolysis
O2
H2
CO2
CH3OH
[CH3OH (l) can be substituted by CH4 (g)]
Electrochemical
Methanol production
Methanol synthesis
reactor
Presently Possible Methanol Generation Electrochemical Cell-A Reverse Fuel Cell
Proton exchange membrane
CO2
H2O
2H2O→O2(g)+4H++4e-
H+
O2
e-
CO2+6H++6e-→CH3OH+H2O
O2
CO2
CH3OH
+
H2O
Anode
Cathode
e-
e-
e-
Catalyst-supported
electrode
+
-
Proposed Novel Studies-First Step
Proton exchange membrane
CO2
H2O
H+
O2
e-
O2
CO2
CH3OH
+
H2O
Anode
Cathode
e-
e-
e-
Catalyst-
supported
electrode
Proton exchange membrane
CO2
H2O
H+
O2
e-
O2
CO2
CH3OH
+
H2O
Anode
Cathode
e-
e-
e-
Enzyme-
supported
electrode
Proton exchange membrane
CO2
H2O
H+
O2
e-
O2
CO2
CH3OH
+
H2O
Anode
Cathode
e-
e-
e-
Photo
electrode
hn
CH3OH
CH4
Research Needed
Design synthetic enzymes that
catalyze the reaction at the right potential
increase turnover rates
have stability
Demonstrate in a real device
Develop substantive collaborations between chemical biologists, anic chemists and materials chemists