高考英语语法必备.doc

主谓一致:谓语动词在人称上和主语保持一致(语法一致、意义一致、就近一致)
(1)语法一致:主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致

主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语必须采取复数形式
A grammar book helps you learn something about the rules of a language.
Grammar books help you learn something about the rules of a language.
不定式,动名词,以及从句作主语时应看作单数,谓语动词用单数
Reading often means learning .读书常意味是学习.
To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of .
What he said has been recorded .他说的话已被录音了.
each,either, neither, one, the other, another, some, any, every和no等构成的复合短语,如(somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody)在句子中做主语时,谓语动词用单数
Neither likes the friends of the other.
Everything around us is matter
neither of与either of结构,谓语动词用单数
Neither of them was in good health, but both worked very hard.
a series of,a kind of, one of等结构作主语时看作单数,谓语动词用单数.
A series of high technology products has been laid out in the exhibition.
A kind of rose in the garden smells very pleasant.
One of those students has passed the examination.
由more than one (或more than one + 单数名词),many a + 单数名词作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。
More than one student has passed the examination.
Many a boy learns to swim before he can read.
由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, panied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数
My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office.
Nobody but Amy wants to go to school.
The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV.
His sister no less than you is wrong.
The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.

由all of, most of, a lot of, some of, none of, plenty of , the rest 等+ 名词作主语时,谓语动词的单数形式应与名词一致。
None of the books satisfy the students.
None of this meat is fit to eat.
All of the research work was designed by the chief engineer.
All of the students are against the