英语写作教程英文版.doc

Content
Lecture 1 Paragraph structure
Lecture 2 Writing an opening paragraph
Lecture 3 Developing an essay by examples / Illustration
Lecture 4 Developing an essay by contrast parison
Lecture 5 Developing an essay by division and classification
Lecture 6 Developing an essay by cause and effect
Lecture 7 Developing an essay by problems and cause
Lecture 8 Description
Lecture 9 Writing narration
Lecture 10 Writing argumentation
Lecture 1 Paragraph structure
I. Paragraph structure
-------- topic sentence (subject +controlling idea)
1. paragraph ------ -------- supporting sentences
-------- concluding sentences
Topic sentence - States the central idea of the paragraph.
Subject (话题)- events or people
Controlling idea(主导思想)- a word/a group of word which express the chief point of the paragraph.
. Higher education is very expensive today.
Subject controlling idea
Poor topic sentence: Drugs are dangerous.
Improved: Aspirin can have several harmful side effects.
Activity 1: Study the following topic sentences. Underline the topic and circle the controlling idea in each one.
Receiving an F on my report card was a humiliating experience.
When I was a child, my grandfather’s backyard was a magical place.
One reason I admire Nelson Mandela is that he never gave up.
The first step in learning how to do word processing is the hardest.
The greatest difference in education between the two countries is the number of subjects students must take.
Activity 2: Study the following pairs of topic sentences. Circle the number of the better topic sentence in each pair.
New Orleans is an interesting place to visit.
The French Quarter in New Orleans has a quaint, European charm.
Walking is good for your heart.
Exercise is good for you.
Computers are more important now than ever before.
Computers make revising an essay easy.
My parents have taught me to be persistent.
My parents have had a great influence on me.
Supporting sentences –e