室内设计——设计说明范文.doc

语法专题讲座一
——句法、词法
三种基本句式
四种句子种类
五种基本句型
八种句子成分
十大词类
四种句子种类
1. 陈述句
(肯定句、否定句)
2. 疑问句
(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句、选择疑问句)
3. 祈使句
4. 感叹句
Don’t sit there!
Just a minute!
How kind the girl is!
How fluently she speaks English!
What fun!
8种句子成分
主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语
I met my old friend in Chengdu yesterday.
Mary, my classmate, is one of my best friends.
I heard her singing the song in the next room just now.
They two went, while we three stayed behind.
10大词类
10大词类:名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词、动词
名词:可作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、复合宾语和定语。
冠词:不单独作成分
代词:人称代词、物主代词、自身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九类。主要作主语、定语、同位语、宾语、表语。
数词:作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语。
形容词:作定语、表语、补足语和状语
副词:可作表语和补语,主要作状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词和全句
复习五种基本句型
S+V
S+V () +P
S+V+O
S+V++
S+V+O+
My head aches.
Frank is clever /an artist.
My sister enjoyed the play.
The firm gave Sam a watch.
They made Sam chairman.
My father bought a gift for me.
The teacher makes his class lively and interesting.
The old firm gave Sam a beautiful gold watch on his retirement.
A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
掌握三种句式:
(即简单句):
I know the professor. He came here yesterday.
He is my teacher. I love him very much.
: (即简单句+并列连词+简单句)
I know the professor, and he came here yesterday.
Hurry up, or you’ll miss the first train.
You are very clever, but you don’t work hard.
并列连词:and, or, but, while, so, yet, e