我国捕后羁押必要性审查机制分析.docx

内容摘要
保障人权与控制犯罪是刑事诉讼的基本目的。新修订的《刑事诉讼法》着力体现了“国家尊重和保障人权”的宪法原则,将此原则写入总则第二条,并在整部法律多处修改和增设许多条款规则,保证该宪法原则的落实。新刑事诉讼法第 93 条规定:“犯罪嫌疑人、被告人被逮捕后,人民检察院仍应当对羁押的必要性进行审查,对不需要继续羁押的,应当建议予以释放或者变更强制措施”。此规定使我国逮捕后羁押必要性审查制度具有了准司法化审查的性质,成为此次修法的一大亮点。但是此规定较为原则,笼统,不易操作,容易造成实践中检察机关对羁押必要性的审查流于形式,进一步完善相关规定,就显得十分必要。本文拟通过对新疆某市检察院近五年逮捕数据、逮捕案件判决情况以及问卷调查分析,发现捕后羁押存在的问题,着重研究捕后羁押必要性审查, 通过概述捕后羁押的基本内涵,捕后羁押机制存在的问题,并探究其问题成因, 在现行法律和制度框架内提出完善构想。
本文具体由五个部分组成:第一部分是对捕后羁押必要性审查机制的法理基础及实践意义进行概述。第二部分是对国外捕后羁押审查必要性制度的考察。采用比较分析的方法,对大陆法系以及英美法系中具有代表性国家的捕后羁押制度加以分析。第三部分为我国捕后羁押审查现状的实证分析。该部分笔者引用大量数据及调查问卷、座谈会取得资料,总结出司法实践中在捕后羁押方面存在的主要问题。第四部分为我国捕后羁押存在的问题及原因分析。此部分针对存在问题分析得出现行捕后羁押必要性审查模式缺陷,审查程序立法缺失、审查制度缺乏后续保障措施、逮捕决定权授权过宽,导致监督出现真空地带。第五部分为我国捕后羁押必要性审查机制的完善。
具体包括三个层面,第一、确立捕后羁押必要性审查的基本原则;第二、明确捕后羁押必要性审查的基本内容;第三、完善与逮捕羁押的相关法律规定;
关键词:保障人权;逮捕后羁押;准司法化;完善措施
ABSTRACT
Protecting human rights and control crime is the fundamental purpose of the criminal procedure. The revised criminal procedure law emphatically reflects the constitutional principle of "state respects and safeguards human rights", the second to write this principle into the general rules and many modifications in the whole law and add a lot of rules, ensure that the implementation of the constitutional principles. New as prescribed in article 93 of the criminal procedure law: "the criminal suspect or defendant was arrested, the necessity of the people's procuratorate shall remain in custody review, does not need to continue custody, shall advice to release or change pulsory measures". The rules to make our country an arrest detention necessity censorship has the properties of quasi judicial review, and e a highlight of the repairing method. But the rules are the principle, general, not easy operation, easy to cause in the practice of an examination e a mere formality, the necessity of the custody further perfect the relevant provisions, it is very necessary. This article through to the xinjiang city people's procuratorate arrested nearly five years, arrest judgment to the case