暨南大学词汇学教案.doc

Chapter I:General Survey of English Vocabulary
I. 基本内容/ Major Content: Origin, development and classification of the English vocabulary
1. Introductory questions:
a. What language(s) is / are the origin of the English language?
-- Anglo-Saxon spoken by the Angles, Saxons and the Jutes from the European Continent.
b. What are the periods of the development of the English language?
-- Three periods: Old English (450-1100); Middle English (1100-1500); Modern English (1500-now).
c. What is the difference between a word and vocabulary?
-- A word is an individual item of the collective group of the vocabulary.
d. How do you classify the following words (award to the quickest and correct – 1 signature = a mark of 95 to be averaged with all other marks for the final term mark):
no, me, good, air, action, eat, the, badly, her, to, may, sing, and, of, or, really, how, hi, cold, , five
-- They may be classified according to different criteria, ., part of speech, style, frequency of use, origin, function, etc.
2. Basic terms:
1) Word:
2) Vocabulary:
3) Native words and loan words:
Compare:Loan words in the English and Chinese languages:
(1) Loan words in English borrowed from the Chinese language:
Question: What English words do you know that were borrowed from Chinese?
-- Confucianism, Taoism, tea, china, typhoon, kung fu, tofu, mahjong, won ton馄饨, sampan舢板
(2) Loan words in the Chinese language:
Question 1: What is the approximate number of loan words in Chinese?
-- More than 10,000 (much less than that of foreign words in English):
They consist of two main types:
Perfect loan words (sound translation): 全外来词(more than 6000)
Half loan words (combination of sound and meaning): 半外来词(about 4000).
.
Perfect loan words: 扑克(English: poker), 咖啡(English: coffee); 米(French: metre); 海洛因(German: Heroin); 罗汉(Sanskrit: arhat); 唢呐(Persian: surna).
Half loan words: 啤酒(English: beer), 卡车(English: car), 酒吧(English: bar), 潘