英语词汇学课件1.ppt

A Survey of English Lexicology
Session 1
A general survey of word
1. What is lexicology
The literal meaning of lexicology is the “science of the word”. It is a branch of linguistics dealing with the vocabulary of a given language.
2. Vocabulary and word
The term vocabulary refers to all the words of a given language, while the term word refers to the fundamental unit of a given language, with sound and meaning(lexical and grammatical), capable of performing a given syntactic function. The difference in grammatical meaning can usually cause the change of the lexical meaning.
Exercise
He tore down the hill.
Three enemy planes were downed the day before yesterday.
But me no buts.
The proposal was fathered by John.
Einstein fathered relativity.
They are leafletting the outgoing shop shift.
The demonstrators marched through the streets, leafletting and shouting slogans.
3. Word-formation
In English, there are various ways of word-formation, such as affixation, conversion, composition, blending, shortening etc.
Affixation
Affixation is a method of word-formation by which new words are created by adding affixes to roots. It is subdivided into prefixation and suffixation.
4. Prefixation
Negative prefix
a-
Atypical pneumonia refers to pneumonia caused by certain bacteria.
The Queen is an apolitical figure.
in- / im- / ir- / il-
About half the population in the country is still literate.
The key to being resistible to men is more about you and less about them.
The encyclopedia provides prehensive survey of formal education and lifelong learning.
Given China's long history, the new gender balance is something recent.
key:
illiterate irresistible informal imbalance
? The usage of in- & im-
materialism, mature, measurable
patient, partial, passable
Balanced
accurate, capability, feasible, quiet
Reversative prefix
de-
The above book is a photo of a book once owned by Washington DC private Investigator Nick Beltrante who was called in to debug