基于铁路运输系统的地震救灾物资最佳储存方案研究.doc

华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘要
中洋地震带和欧亚地震带,因此也是
一个地震多发国家。地震破坏力巨大且难以准确预测,往往会造成巨大的生命财产
损失。有效组织震后救援工作是降低地震损失的关键所在,其中救灾物资的储存和
运输是震后救援工作的物资基础,本文将以中国铁路运输网络为基础对地震救灾物
资的最佳储存方案进行讨论。
本文对地震救灾物资储存问题建立了一套完整的分析决策框架。首先,本文对
地震救灾物资储存问题进行分析,根据该问题的特点建立了一个两阶段随机规划模
型。其次,本文搭建了一套分析框架,其中包括地震情形的生成、对地震情形下的
铁路受损情况进行评估、根据地震情形计算救灾物资需求数量、求解铁路网络中的
最短路径和开发用于求解问题的算法。最后本文对基于中国铁路运输系统的地震救
灾物资最佳储存方案进行案例研究,对选取不同数量城市的最佳储存方案分别进行
求解,比较遍历算法和遗传算法的求解结果,验证了遗传算法的有效性。
本文对基于铁路系统的地震救灾物资的存储方案问题进行了研究,包括存储地
点的选择以及各存储点的物资数量等。相对于已有的工作,本文在利用地震情形模
拟铁路破坏情况、基于铁路网络的救灾物资运输等方面进行了有宜的尝试,建立了
类似问题的分析框架,研究成果将为国家设置针对各类灾害的救灾资源存储点提供
参考。
关键词:救灾物资储存方案铁路网络地震情形生成遗传算法
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华中科技大学硕士学位论文
ABSTRACT
As China has a vast territory and China is located between Circum-Pacific seismic
belt and Alpine-Himalayan seismic belt, China is an earthquake-prone country. For
earthquake has a huge destructive power and is unpredictable, it usually causes heavy
losses of life and property. The ponent of reducing losses caused by earthquake is
improving earthquake relief work. Relief supply is the material foundation of earthquake
relief work, accordingly this paper studies on pre-positioning strategy of earthquake relief
supplies based on China railway system.
An analytical decision making framework for earthquake relief supplies
pre-positioning problem is established in this paper. First of all, this paper analyzes the
earthquake relief supplies storage problem, a two stage stochastic programming model is
proposed according to the characteristics of this problem. Secondly, this paper establishes
an analysis framework, including earthquake scenarios generation, assessment of railway’s
damage state under earthquake, estimation of relief supplies demand according earthquake
scenario, finding the shortest path in the work and the development of
algorithms which are used to solve the problem. Finally, a case study is conducted to find
the best pre-positioning strategy of earthquake relief supplies based on China railway
system. The best p