英语-语音基础知识.doc

英语语音基础知识
要想说好英语语音,就要有英语语音的一些基本知识。以下内容供你参考。

1)字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,
2)音标:词的语音形式。
3)音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。
4)音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'cher, un'der'stand
5)元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。
6)辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。
7)开音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike ;b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi
8)闭音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it
9)重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
2. 元音:(注意:下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标)
1)[i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling
2)[i] sit, build, miss, myth 
3)[e] bed, desk, head, 
4)[æ] bad, land, bank, stamp 
5)[a:] car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt 
6)[ɔ] hot, want 
7)[ ɔ:] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught 
8)[u:] good, who, blue, soup, 
9)[u] look, put, women, could 
10)[Λ] cup, come, blood, rough 
11)[ә:] girl, work, serve, nurse 
12)[ә] cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday 
13)[ei] cake, they, play, eight, great, 
14)[ai] bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye 
15)[әu] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow 
16)[au] house, town 
17)[ɔi] boy, oil 
18)[iә] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, 
19)[εә] pear, care, there, fair 
20)[uә] tour, poor,
3. 容易混淆的元音
1)[e] [æ] bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land 
2)[i:] [ei] real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid 
3)[e] [ai] bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide 
4)[au] [ɔ:] house