CHAPTER 4b词汇学.ppt

CHAPTER_4b词汇学ENGLISH LEXICOLOGY
CHAPTER 4
WORD
FORMATION
IN
ENGLISH
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Introduction
Inflection and Derivation

Other Word Formation
Backformation
Words from Proper Names and
Metanalysis
Exercises
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1. INTRODUCTION
Word-formation / word-building is an important means of vocabulary enlargement.
The English language has increased its resources not only through the adoption of words from other languages, but also through the formation of new words with the material available in the language.
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What is a word?
A sound or bination of sounds, or its representation in writing or printing, that symbolizes municates a meaning and may consist of a single morpheme or of bination of morphemes. .
do, does, did, doing, done, doer, undo
But they are quite different in their structure.
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Typically, a word will consist of a root or stem, and zero or more affixes. Words can bined to create other units of language, such as phrases, clauses, and/or sentences. A word consisting of two or more stems joined together form pound word. A word consisting of one stem joined together with one or more than one affix form a derivative word.
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Root and Stem
A root is the base form of a word that expresses its essential meaning, a consistent meaning whatever affixes may be added to it. .
use [root] → useable → usage → used → useful → usefully → usefulness → useless → uselessly → uselessness → user → usual → usually → usualness → usurer → usury → usurious → usurp → usurpation → utilitarian → utility → utilize → utilizable → utilization → abuse → abusive → misuse → misusage → misuser
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A stem is a linguistic term used as part of a classificatio