北宋诗坛古、近体之争.pdf

华中科技大学
硕士学位论文
北宋诗坛古、近体之争
姓名:杨毅
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:中国古代文学
指导教师:徐安琪
20070601
华中科技大学硕士学位论文
摘要
诗歌史上的古、近体之争,唐已有之,北宋诗坛古、近体之争与绵延整个北宋
的诗文革新相摩相荡,故具有独特的价值与意义。本文根据宋诗的发展及古、近体
争论的特点,将其分为三期:沿袭期、复古期、创新期。宋初的沿袭期,继承晚唐
五代诗风,以近体诗创作为主。以王禹偁、柳开、田锡为代表的士人针对当时的社
会状况和浮靡的文风,开始了诗文革新,一定程度上促进了古诗的创作。复古期是
诗文革新的高潮阶段,石介、欧阳修等人大力提倡古文、古道、力纠西昆体、晚唐
体之弊。古体诗成为复古新变者革新的武器,他们通过确立韩愈、李白为创作典范,
运用以文为诗的创作方法,使古体诗无论是在数量上还是在质量上都有压倒近体之
势。创新期是宋诗发展的鼎盛时期,也是宋调的成型期。随着政治上的剧烈变化,
形成了长达半个世纪的新旧党争。新旧党争中的大兴“文字狱”,不仅影响了文人的
政治命运,也使他们的心态发生了重要的变化。在这种背景下,以王安石、苏轼、
黄庭坚为代表的创新期诗人,不再像前期诗人那样,出于政治上的目的,刻意选择
某种诗体,而是着力探讨诗歌自身的美学特色。由此,古、近体之争进入了援古入
律,兼容发展的平和时期。

关键词:北宋诗文革新古体诗近体诗古近体之争


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华中科技大学硕士学位论文
Abstract
The debate of Jinti and the archaic poetry started from Tang dynasty. The debate of
Jinti and the archaic poetry in North dynasty correlated with the innovation of poetry and
prose which exist in the whole North song dynasty ,so it has more characteristic and more
value. This article divides the debate of Jinti and archaic poetry into three phases
according to its characteristic and Song poetry’s development. The initial stage of Song
dynasty inherit the poetry of latter tang and Five dynasties and written a large number of
Sinti poetry. At the same time ,according to the situation of that society and gorgeous style
of literature, some literati , such as Wang yuchen 、Liu kai 、Tian xi , set about the
innovation of poetry and prose which improve the writing of archaic poetry to some extent.
The stage of returning to the ancients is the high tide of the innovation of poetry and prose.
Shi jie、Ou yang xiu and so on advocate ancient Chinese prose ancient ideas and criticize
the Xikun style and latter tang style strongly, archaic poetry became the arm of
innovation ,they let the archaic poetry exceed the Jinti poetry on quantity and quality by
means of making Han yu and Li bai as the example and writing poetry as prose way. The
stage of innovation is the period of great prosperity. The