英语4级一些语法.doc

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1. 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的延续性用法没有明显的区别,表示动作开始于过去并一直继续在进行。常与for, since等表示一段时间的状语连用,有时也用包括现在在内的段时间状语(如all day/week/year, these weeks/years, the whole morning)。
The boys have been watching television since seven o’clock. 孩子们从七点起就一直在看电视。
I have been reading this book for 2 weeks, but I haven’t finished it yet. 这本书我已经看了两周,但还没有看完。
2. 表示过去到现在一直重复发生的动作:
I have been telling you many times that you must be more careful with your work.
我讲过多少遍了,你对自己的工作一定要更加小心。

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表示过去某时以前就一直在进行的动作。它与现在完成进行时相似,但只是适用于过去的场合。如:
She asked me what I had been doing these 。
When I got to the meeting, he had already been speaking for half an hour.
当我到达会场时,他已经讲了半个小时了。
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表示一个持续至将来某一时间的动作。如:
I shall have been teaching in this university for twenty years by the end of the 。
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表示将来某时刻正在进行的动作,其用法与一般将来时没有太大区别,故较少用到。
What will you be doing this time tomorrow? 明天这个时候你会干什么?
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,一个动作将要发生并完成,句中常有by和by the time (that)引导的时间状语。
By the end of the century China will have e a strong and prosperous country.
到本世纪末,中国将成为一个繁荣富强的国家。
,其作用相当于“must+ have V-ed2”结构。如:
It’s five o’clock.. They will have arrived home by now. 现在是五点钟,这时他们也应该到家了吧。
,过去将来完成时及过去将来完成进行时轻少用到,故略去不讲。
Exercises:
1. The Olympic Games, first celebrated in Athens in 1896, ___ every 4 years so far, except during the two world wars.
A. ar