动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则(语法小知识).docx

不规则动词过去式和过去分词、动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则、不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳  (一)、不规则动词过去式和过去分词  动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。如: cut-cut-cut,hit-hit-hit,put-put-put,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,shut-shut-shut,set-set-set,hurt-hurt-hurt,spread-spread-spread 特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如: come-e,e-became-e,run-ran-run,e-overcame-e 三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如: 。如: lend-lent-lent,spend-spent-spent,send-sent-sent 。如: sit-sat-sat,win-won-won,shine-shone-shone,hold-held-held ,把eep改为ept。如: keep-kept-kept,sleep-slept-slept,sweep-swept-swept 。如: buy-bought-bought,fight-fought-fought,think-thought-thought,bring-brought-brought,teach-taught-taught,catch-caught-caught ,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如: say-said-said,lay-laid-laid,pay-paid-paid 。如: have-had-had,learn-learnt-learnt,leave-left-left,lose-lost-lost,make-made-made,meet-met-met,feel-felt-felt 四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。如: 五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。如: blow-blew-blown,draw-drew-drawn,grow-grew-grown,throw-threw-thrown,know-knew-known 六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。如: rise-rose-risen,give-gave-given,take-took-taken,fall-fell-fallen,drive-drove-driven,eat-ate-eaten 特殊:write-wrote-written,speak-spoke-spoken,ride