语法复习三 主谓一致.doc

在英语句子里,谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。 (一)语法一致原则:语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用______形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用_______形式。如:Hisfather____(work)onthefarm./TostudyEnglishwell_____noteasy./Whathesaid_____veryimportantforusall./Thechildren_____intheclassroomtwohoursago./Readinginthesun______badforyoureyes. 注意:由what引导的主语从句,若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用_____形式。如:WhatIbought____threeEnglishbooks. 2、由连接词and或both…and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用____形式的谓语动词。如:LucyandLily____twins./Theboyandthegirl_____surprisedwhentheyheardthenews./Bothsheandhe_____YoungPioneers. 注意:①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用_____形式。如:e.;/②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,every其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Everystudentandeveryteacher_____intheroom../(an),manya(an) 3、主语为单数名词或代词,后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词用_____形式;若主语为复数,谓语用_____形式。如:MrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,etoChina./NobodybutJimandMike______ontheplayground./She,likeyouandTom,_____verytall. 4、either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:Eachofus____anewbook./Everythingaroundus_____new. 注意:①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词________。如:Neitherofthetextsis(are)interesting.②若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用______;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用______。如:Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica. 5、在定语从句时,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中_