骑士精神并不适合所有人.ppt

Chivalry is not for everybody: Chivalrous men are more courteous toward “virtuous” women
T. William Altermatt
Hanover College
Dov Cohen
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Abstract
Are chivalrous men uniformly courteous toward women, or are some women more likely than others to be the recipients of courtesy? 74 male undergraduates interacted with female confederates who enacted roles designed to manipulate their level of perceived “virtue.” Confederates’ dress, makeup, and responses to scripted questions were used to create an impression of a woman who was either chaste and morally conservative or sexually uninhibited. Participants proceeded through a series of five opportunities for courteous behavior (holding the door, helping to pick up spilled pencils, responding to a solicitation for a charitable contribution, etc.). At the end of the experiment, pleted a 10-item chivalry scale (Altermatt, 2001) along with several other attitude questionnaires. High-chivalry participants showed significantly more courtesy to high-virtue confederates than to low-virtue confederates (p < .03). Low-chivalry participants showed slightly more courtesy toward low-virtue than high-virtue confederates, but this difference was not significant (p = .18). These results suggest that chivalry is not unconditionally altruistic; rather, it is contingent upon women’s conformity to expectations of high virtue.
Introduction
Chivalry is an aspect of the male gender role characterized by the belief that men should protect and provide for women. Previous research on chivalry (Altermatt, et al., 2003) indicated that people who endorsed chivalry tended to endorse the stereotypes that women are more virtuous (more moral, less inclined to vice) but also less agentic (petent, less suited to authority) than men. In addition to their descriptive function, these stereotypes are also prescriptive, influencing how high-chivalry men respond to women. Altermatt et al. (2003) found that, compared t