海水淡化可行性研究报告(电渗析技术).doc

10000m3/d海水淡化设计方案
——电渗析

姓名: 李重阳董月仙郭嘉良韩静
黄瑞李林廖成成刘莉
孟丽晔欧阳赛宿云海王光春
所在学院: 土木建筑工程学院
专业班级: 环境0801
日期: 2010 年11 月
目录
···········································2
处理对象分析——海水成分分析·······························2
不同处理方法方案对比分析····································2
······················································2
离子交换法····················································3
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电渗析进水水质要求·······························7
电渗析海水淡化处理过程原理·································7
工艺设计·························································8
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3. 电渗析造水成本分析···········································12
4. 电渗析swot 分析···········································13
参考文献·································································16
10000m3/d海水淡化设计方案
针对10000m3/d海水淡化的处理量,我们小组通过对国内外各种海水淡化处理方法的对比研究,给出海水淡化的处理方法。
方案选取
处理对象分析——海水成分分析
首先对处理对象——海水的主要成分经行分析,通过资料查找,得出海水的主要离子成分,具体含量见表1。
表1 海水的主要离子成分
成分
含量/(mg/L)
成分
含量/(mg/L)
Cl-
18980
Br-
65
Na+
10560
Sr2+
13
SO42-
2560
SiO2
6
Mg2+
1272
NO3-

Ca2+
400
B

K+
380
F-

HCO3-
142
总含盐量约34400mg/L
从图表中我们可以看出,海水中Cl- 含量最多,占到总含量的55%,其次为Na+为 31%,SO42- 和Mg2+分别为7%和4%,其他离子仅占占3%。因此海水淡化处理主要针对Cl-、Na+ 、SO42-、Mg2+的去除进行方案设计。
不同处理方法方案对比分析
目前,世界上已有120多个国家在运用海水淡化技术获取淡水,,海水淡化日产量约5560万立方米,%的全球用水量,其中以色列拥有世界最大规模的海水淡化运作设施。而我国目前每天海水淡化总产量3万吨,仅为全球总产水量的1‰左右,关键设备仍依赖进口。
就当前海水淡化处理技术而言,10000m3/d处理量海水淡化可采用以下几种方法:
反渗透法
反渗透以利用用足够的压力使溶液中的溶剂(一般常指水)通过反渗透膜(一种半透膜)而分离出来的原理,对海水经行分离、提纯和浓缩,从而达到海水淡化的处理效果。其具体的工艺流程如下图所示:
反渗透法的具体设备流程如下图所示:
图1 反渗透法设备流程图
图2 反渗透流程实图
海水由设在海边的深水井经深水泵将海水送入淡水厂房,经过化学加药系统投加杀菌剂和混凝剂后进