基于单片机的火灾自动报警系统设计_自动化毕业论文.doc

本科毕业论文(设计)

基于单片机的火灾自动报警系统设计
所在学院信息科学技术学院
专业名称自动化
申请学士学位所属学科工学
摘要
目前,随着电子产品在人类生活中的使用越来越广泛,由此引起的火灾也越来越多,在我们生活的四周到处潜伏着火灾隐患。为了避免火灾以及减少火灾造成的损失,我们必须按照“隐患险于明火,防患胜于救灾,责任重于泰山”的概念设计和完善火灾自动报警系统,将火灾消灭在萌芽状态,最大限度地减少社会财富的损失。
本论文以电阻式烟雾传感器和单片机技术为核心并与其它电子技术相结合, 设计出一种技术水平较好的烟雾报警器。其中选用MQ-2型半导体可燃气体敏感元件的烟雾传感器实现烟雾的检测,具有灵敏度高、响应快、抗干扰能力强等优点,而且价格低廉,使用寿命长。选用的STC12C5412AD单片机,其整合了A/D转换、硬件乘法器、硬件脉宽调制器等资源,具有高速、低功耗、超强抗干扰等优点,是目前同类技术中性价比较高的产品。
以STC12C5412AD单片机和MQ-2型半导体电阻式烟雾传感器为核心设计的烟雾报警器可实现声光报警、故障自诊断、浓度显示、报警限设置、延时报警及与上位机串口通信等功能。是一种结构简单、性能稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的烟雾报警器,具有一定的实用价值。
关键词:烟雾,报警器,STC12C5412AD,传感器
ABSTRACT
At present, as the electronic products more widely used in human life, the fire disaster caused more and more, fire hazards lurking around in our lives. We must follow the concept of "hidden risks in the fire, precautionary measures better than disaster relief responsibility is extremely heavy" design and improve the fire automatic alarm system, fire will be nipped in the bud, to minimize the loss of social wealth.
In this thesis, resistance type smoke sensor and single puter as the core and other electronic technology, designs a technology better smoke alarm. The selection of MQ-2 type semiconductor gas sensitive element of the smoke sensor smoke detection, which has high sensitivity, fast response, high anti interference ability, and the price is low, long service life. The selection of STC12C5412AD single-chip puter, the integration of the A/D conversion, hardware multiplier, hardware pulse width modulator and other resources, has the advantages of high speed, low power, strong anti-interference and other advantages, is of similar technology, cost-effective products.
With STC12C5412AD MCU and MQ-2 type semiconductor resistor type smoke sensor as the core design of the smoke alarm can be realized sound-light alarm, fault diagnosis, the concentration display, alarm limit settings, delay alarm and PC munications and other functions. It is a kind of simple structure, stable performan