烯烃<=>卤代烃:CH2=CH2+Br2──→CH3CH2Br(加成反应)CH3CH2Br+NaOH──→CH2=CH2+NaBr+H2O(消去反应)炔烃→卤代烃:CH≡CH+HBr───→CH2﹦CHBr(加成反应)烯烃→烷烃:CH2=CH2+H2───→CH3—CH3(加成反应)炔烃→烯烃:CH≡CH+H2───→CH2=CH2(加成反应)醇<=>烯烃:CH3CH2OH────→CH2=CH2↑+H2O(消去反应)CH2=CH2+H2O───→CH3CH2OH醇→醚:CH3CH2OH+CH3CH2OH────→CH3CH2OCH3CH2+H2O醇<=>醛:2CH3CH2OH+O2────→2CH3CHO+2H2O(氧化反应)CH3CHO+H2────→CH3CH2OH(还原反应)醛→酸:2CH3CHO+O2────→2CH3COOH酸<=>酯:CH3COOH+CH3CH2OHCH3COOCH2CH3+H2OCH3COOCH2CH3+H2O────→CH3COOH+CH3CH2OH(水解反应)醇<=>酯:同酸<=>酯醛与银铵溶液反应:CH3CHO+2Ag(NH3)2OH───→CH3COONH4+2Ag↓+3NH3+H2O特:HCHO+4Ag(NH3)2OH────→(NH3)2CO3+4Ag↓+6NH3+2H2O醇<=>卤代烃:CH3CH2Br+NaOH────→NaBr+CH3CH2OHCH3CH2OH+HBr────→CH3CH2Br+H2O炔烃→醛:CH≡CH+H2O────→CH3CHO炔烃→苯:3CH≡CH────→苯→硝基苯:+HNO3────→NO2+H2O苯→溴苯:+Br2────→Br+HBr溴苯→苯酚:苯→环己烷:+3H2───→TNT(三硝基甲苯):CH3+3HNO3────→
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