«美国大城市的生与死»(THEDEATHANDLIFEOFGREATAMRICANCITIES)(JaneJacobs)1Introduction(1),andmostly,anattempttointroducenewprinciplesofcityplanningandrebuilding,differentandevenoppositefromthosenowtaughtineverythingfromschoolsofarchitectureandplanningtotheSundaysupplementsandwomen’,rather,ontheprinciplesandaimsthathaveshapedmodern,orthodoxcityplanningandrebuilding.()(2)Insettingforthdifferentprinciples,mon,ordinarythings:forinstance,whatkindsofcitystreetsaresafeandwhatkindsarenot;whysomecityparksaremarvelousandothersarevicetrapsanddeathtraps;whysomeslumsstayslumsandotherslumsregeneratethemselvesevenagainstfinancialandofficialopposition;whatmakesdowntownsshifttheircenters;what,ifanything,isacityneighborhood,andwhatjobs,ifany,,Ishallbewritingabouthowcitiesworkinreallife,becausethisistheonlywaytolearnwhatprinciplesofplanningandwhatpracticesinrebuildingcanpromotesocialandeconomicvitalityincities,andwhatpracticesandprinciplewilldeadentheseattributes.()(3)Thereisawistfulmyththatifonlywehadenoughmoneytospend—thefigureisusuallyputatahundredbilliondollars—wecouldwipeoutallourslumsintenyears,reversedecayinthegreat,dull,graybeltsthatwereyesterday’sandday-before-yesterday’ssuburbs,anchorthewanderingmiddleclassanditswanderingtaxmoney,andperhapsevensolvethetrafficeproblem.()(4)Butlookwhatwehavebuiltwiththefirstseveralbillions:Low-eworsecentersofdelinquency,-,ortryto,,mercialcentersthatarelacklusterimitationsofstandardizedsubu
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