词汇学-3.ppt

Chapter 3词的理据
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Definition:
It’s the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning. Although no logical explanation does have words whose meaning can be explained to a certain extent.
Motivation
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Onomatopoeic motivation
Semantic motivation
Logical motivation
The loss of motivation
Classifications of motivation
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Definition:
Words whose sounds suggests their meaning, but the sounds we say in English may not be the same in other language.
Onomatopoeic motivation
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Classifications of Onomatopoeic motivation
Classified by Stephen Ullmann
Primary onomatopoeia
Secondary onomatopoeia
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Bloomfield
Breath-noise
Quick separation or movement
creeping
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Semantic motivation
Definition:
It’s the mental associations suggested by the conceptual meaning of a word.
It explains the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of the word.
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Classifications of Semantic motivation
Metaphor
Metonymy
Synecdoche
analogy
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Metaphor
用一种事物暗喻另一种事物
Clover leaf
原指苜蓿叶的形状
却指,interchange的交叉点
Rabbit ears
U字形电视无线
Randomly used in newspaper and magzine
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Metonymy
甲同乙事物不相类似,但有密切关系时,可以以乙事物名称来代替甲事物
Watergate
He’s fond of the bottle (what’s inside the bottle).
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