火灾自动报警系统 毕业（论文）设计初稿.doc

摘要
目前,随着电子产品在人类生活中的使用越来越广泛,由此引起的火灾也越来越多,在我们生活得四周到处潜伏着火灾隐患。为了避免火灾以及减少火灾造成的损失,我们必须按照“隐患险于明火,防患胜于救灾,责任重于泰山”的概念设计和完善火灾自动报警系统,将火灾消灭在萌芽状态,最大限度地减少社会财富的损失。
本系统可安装在各防火单位,它负责不断地向所监视的现场发车巡检信号,监视现场的温度、浓度等,并不断反馈给报警控制器,控制器将接到的信号与内存的正常整定值比较、判断确定火灾。当发生火灾时,可实现声光报警、故障自诊断、浓度显示、报警限设置、延时报警及与上位机串口通信等,是一种结构简单、性能稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的烟雾传感器,具有一定的实用价值。
关键词: 单片机;火灾报警;传感器
ABSTRACT
Now, with electronic products used in human life more and more widely, the resulting fire, more and more, we live in fire hazards lurking around everywhere. To avoid fires and reduce fire losses, we must follow the "hidden dangers fire in prevention is better than disaster relief, the responsibility is extremely heavy," the concept design and improvement of automatic fire alarm system, fire nipped in the bud, the maximum reduce the loss of social wealth.
The system can be installed in all fire units, which is responsible for continuously monitoring the site to start the inspection signal, monitor the site of temperature, concentration, and continuous feedback to the alarm controller, the controller will receive the signal and the normal memory setting value was determined paring to determine the fire. When fire occurs, can achieve sound and light alarm, fault diagnosis, concentration display, alarm limit settings, delay alarm and munication with the puter is a simple structure, stable performance, easy to use, inexpensive, intelligent smoke sensor, has some practical value.
Keywords : SCM;fire alarm; sensor
目录
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
目录 III
绪论 1
概述 1
国内外的研究现状 1
课题研究的背景和意义 3
第2章火灾报警系统整体方案设计 5
5
系统总体方案设计 7
系统总体功能概述 7
系统硬件总体构架 8
系统软件总体构架 9
火灾报警系统的类型 10
火灾探测器的原理 11
第3章火灾报警系统硬件设计 13
系统核心芯片选择 13
传感器介绍 13
ISD1420语音芯片 14
80C51芯片 17
A/D转换芯片 21
数码管显示电路 24
单片机外围接口电路 26
晶振电路 26
复位电路 26
数据采集电路 27
信号处理电路 31
报警电路 32
语音报警电路 32
光报警电路 32
数码管显示电路 34
第4