英语48个国际音标表.doc

英语48个国际音标表元音(20个)长元音:[ɑ:] [ɔ:] [ɜ:] [i:] [u:]短元音:[ʌ] [ɒ] [ə] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e] [æ]双元音:[eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ] [ɪə] [eə] [ʊə] [əʊ] [aʊ]辅音(28个)轻辅音:[p] [t] [k] [f] [θ] [s]浊辅音:[b] [d]  [g] [v] [ð]  [z] 轻辅音:[ʃ] [h] [ts] [tʃ] [tr]  浊辅音:[ʒ] [r] [dz] [dʒ][dr]  鼻音:[m] [n]  [ŋ]  半元音:[j] [w] 边音: [ǀ]【有两个读音。一是放在音标结尾发“呕”,浊音;而是放在音标中发“了”,浊音】所谓浊音,就是声带要振动的音;轻音就是发出了但声带却不振动的音所有的元音都是浊音,声带都要振动。英语音标及字母组合对照元音1)[i:]舌抵下齿,双唇扁平,作微笑状,发“一”之长音。字母组合:eeeaeieei(eoeyi)threetreegreensheepmeetbeefseeseekeatteameat2)[ɪ]舌抵下齿,双唇扁平分开,牙床近于全合,发短促之“一”音。发音字母iyeuiuasitpictureitislistsixmixfixpigbigmiss3)[æ]双唇扁平,舌前微升,舌尖抵住下龈,牙床全开,软腭升起,唇自然开放。发音字母abaghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman4)[e]舌近硬腭,舌尖抵下齿,牙床半开半合,作微笑状字母组合eaea(ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay)headbreadelephantsellshelllessonbeddeskhotelyesmanyany5)[ɜ:]舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,发“厄”之长音。irlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbirdturnnurseThursdaylearnearthheardherworkwork6)[ə]舌上抬,唇成自然状态,口半开半闭,牙床较张开,发“厄“之短音。字母组合erorouaroaeuteacherplayerfarmerdoctoractordeliciouspleasuredollartomorrowtodaylessonpoliteelephantbananaCanadaJapanChinaSaturday7)[ɑ:]双唇张而不圆,牙床大开,舌后微升,舌尖向后收缩,微离下齿,发“阿”之长音。字母组合aracarcardclasslastglassaunt8)[ʌ]双唇平放,牙床半开,舌尖抵住下龈,舌后微微升起,发短促之“阿”音。emotherlovetroubleblood9)[ɔ:]双唇界于开闭,圆唇之间,牙床半开渐至全开,舌尖卷上再过渡为卷后,发“凹”声音拖长。字母组合alorauourarsmallwalltalktallballshortfortysportdoorfloorautumnfourwarm10)[ɒ]双唇稍微向外突出成圆形,舌后升起,舌尖不触下齿,发“凹”短促的音。发音字母oaouhotlotfoxwantwashwatch11)[u:]双唇成圆形,牙床近于半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发“屋”之长音。字母组合oooufoodmoonroomgoosedotwotrueblue12)[ʊ]双唇成圆形,牙床接近半合,舌尖不触下齿,自然而不用力,发短促之“屋”音。字母组合ooouuolookgoodfootbookputwoman13)[eɪ]舌尖抵住下齿,牙床半开半合,双唇扁平,由发“哀”音平稳过渡到发“一”之长音。发音字母aayeaaieynamecakelateplaneAprilplaysaygreatrainpaintthey14)[aɪ]将口张开略圆,舌后微升,舌尖向后收缩,由发“阿”音平稳过渡到发“一”音。发音字母iybikefineninelightnightmyflyeye15)[aʊ]将口张开略圆,渐渐合拢,双唇成圆形,有发“阿”音过渡到发“屋”音。字母组合ouowhouseoutmouseflowernowhow16)[əʊ]口半开半闭,舌后微升,过渡成双唇成圆形,发“欧”之长音。发音字母oowoahomecoldgonoknowlowshowboat17)[ɔɪ]双唇外突成圆形,发“凹”音,逐渐过渡为双唇扁平分开,发“一”之短音。字母组合oyoiboyvoice18)[ɪə]双唇张开,牙床由窄至半开舌抵下齿逐渐过渡为上卷,从“一”音过渡到“厄”音。字母组合eerearbeerdeerearnearhereidea19)[eə]双唇张开后略圆,牙床张开相当宽,舌尖