初中语法一般现在时和现在进行时讲解、练习含答案.doc

一般现在时:
一、定义与讲解:
一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作或一般性事实。,也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。
通常与副词every day(每天),always(总是),usually(通常),often(经常)sometimes(有时),等时间状语连用。
例:(1)表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
The sky is 。
Mary’s father is an English teacher. 玛丽的爸爸是一名英语老师。
(2)表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
I get up at six every 。
She plays sports every day. 她每天都做运动。
(3)表示客观现实。
The table has four 。
There are 50 students in my class. 我们班有50个学生。
(4)表示客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,等客观事实或格言谚语等。
The sun rises in the east every 。
The earth goes around the 。
(5)表示平日的喜好。
I like bananas. We don’t like vegetables.
He likes ice cream. She doesn’t like strawberries.
“三单形式”,
其他人称用动词原形。
★动词三单形式的变化规则:
1.(1)多数直接在动词词尾加-s.
play — plays like — likes
ask---asks work---works get---gets call---calls
(2)以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-es.
watch---watches wish---wishes do---does go---goes
(3)以“辅音字母加- y”结尾的动词,要先变y为i再加-es.
try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies
:be---- is have----has
三、一般现在时的句子转换:
(1)变一般疑问句:当句子中有be动词或情态动词时,则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等)提到主语的前面,
(口诀:一调二变三问号);
(2)变否定句:在be动词或情态动词后面直接加not变成否定句. (be后not莫忘记)
例:①陈述句:She is my sister..
疑问句→ Is she your sister? Yes, I am./ No, I’m not.
否定句→ She is not my sister.
②陈述句:I can play er.
疑问句→ Can you play er? Yes,Ican./ No, I can’t.
否定句→ I can not /can’t play er.
注意:对一般疑问句的回答:
一般用什么问就用什么来回答。
但以下例外:Is this a pencil? Yes , it is./ No, it isn’t.
Is that your backpack? Yes , it is./ No, it isn’t.
Are these your parents? Yes, they’re./ No, they aren’t.
Are those Jim’s brothers? Yes, they’re./ No, they aren’t.
(3)当句子中没有be动词,也没有情态动词时,变一般疑问句时,在主语前加助动词do (I, we, you,以及复数), does(第三人称单数she,he,it等)变成问句;
(4)变否定句时,在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t, doesn’t变成否定句,切记:助动词后的动词则还原成动词原形。

例:①陈述句:We get up(起床) at 7:00 every morning.
疑问句→Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?
否定句→We don’t get up at 7:00 every morning.
②陈述句:She has a brother.
疑问句→ Does she have a brother?
否定句→ She doesn’t have a brother.
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