非真实条件句.doc

时态:可以表示过去,现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。表示与过去事实相反的假设。if条件从句主句过去完成时 should(would)have+过去分词句型: Ifshehadworkedharder,eeded. Thericewouldnothavebeenburntifyouhadbeenmorecareful. IfmylawyerhadbeenherelastSaturday,hewouldhavepreventedmefromgoing. eyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit. 含义:eyesterday,soIdidnottellhimaboutit. Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanyclasses,hewouldhavemadegreaterprogress. 含义:Hewasillandmissedmanylessons,sohedidnotmakegreaterprogress. b. 同现在事实相反的假设。if条件从句主句一般过去时should(would)+动词原形Iftheywerehere,. 表示对将来的假想if条件从句 主句一般过去时 were+不定式 should+动词原形should+动词原形would+动词原形 eeded,everythingwouldbeallright. eed,everythingwouldbeallright. eed,everythingwouldbeallright. 混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主,从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。 Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow. (从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。) Ifithadrainedlastnight(过去),itwouldbeverycoldtoday(现在).虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were,should,或had,可将if省略,再把were,should或had移到从句句首,实行倒装。 Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus. =Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus. eearlier,youwouldhavemethim =eearlier,youwouldhavemethim. ifitrained,thecropswouldbesaved.=shoulditrain,…Betodo…表示将来时ifitweretorain,,: 在虚拟语气的从句中,动词'be'的过去时态一律用"were",不用was,即在从句中be用were代替。 IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim. 如果我是你,就会去找他。 Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright. 如果他在这儿,一切都会好的。典型例题_____todothework, ,should,had这三个词,通常将if省略,主语提前,变成were,should,had+主语的形式。但要注意,在虚拟条件状语从句中,省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说WereInottodo.,而不能说Weren':shouldItisdemanded/necessary/apity+that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should加动词原形,: 主句从句(1)suggested Itis(2)important that…+(should)do(3)apity(1)suggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted;+(should)do(2)important,necessary,natural,strangeapity, ashame, nowonder例:Itissuggest