第二章古诗词曲鉴赏及英译理论探索第一节古诗词曲英译中含蓄的处理?引言?从诗的意境上分析托具体形象,言情寓意揣摩他人,表达自己借题发挥,指东道西?从诗的修辞格上分析借代比喻引用典故引言?诗人把含蓄美看成是诗歌作品的一个重要美学原则。?清代诗论家吴乔在《围炉诗话》中有云:“诗贵有含蓄不尽之意,尤以不着意见、声色、故事、议论者为最上。”?清代的吴景旭又在《历代诗话》中说道:“凡诗恶浅陋而贵含蓄,浅陋则陋,含蓄则旨,令人再三吟咀而有余味。”?所谓含蓄美就是作者的思想感情不是直接流露出来,而是用凝练的语言点染出气韵生动地种种画面,纳万顷之汪洋,收四时之烂漫,给读者的感官以自由飞翔的天地。这正所谓“片语明百意,坐驰役万景”,也就是刘勰说的“隐秀”之美。?以刘禹锡的《石头城》为例:山围故国周遭在,潮打空城寂寞回。淮水东边旧时月,夜深不过女墙来。托具体形象,言情寓意?1. 直译以杜牧的《赠别》:多情却似总无情,惟觉樽前笑不成。蜡烛有心还惜别,替人垂泪到天明。?译文如下:Passion so deep appears as none, Before these farewell cups, unable even to smile. The candle too takes pity on our parting, Shedding tears until ing of the dawn.(引自张廷琛等,唐诗一百首,中国对外翻译出版公司,1997。)陆游的《卜算子·咏梅》:驿外断桥边,寂寞开无主。已是黄昏独自愁,更著风和雨。无意苦争春,一任群芳妒。零落成泥碾作尘,只有香如故。?后四句译为:Let other flowers be envious! She craves not spring for herself alone. Her petals may be ground in the mud, But her fragrance will endure.(文殊,诗词英译选,外语教学与研究出版社,1989.)2. 变通(增译和改译)?以曹植的《七步诗》为例:煮豆燃豆萁,豆在釜中泣。本是同根生,相煎何太急??译文如下:A kettle had beans inside, And stalks of the beans made a fire; When the beans to the brother-stalks cried,“We sprang from one root, why such ire?”(文殊,诗词英译选,外语教学与研究出版社,1989.)
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