语法复习三+主谓一致.doc

语法复习四:主谓一致在英语句子里,谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。(一)语法一致原则:语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用______形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用_______形式。如:Hisfather____(work)onthefarm./TostudyEnglishwell_____noteasy./Whathesaid_____veryimportantforusall./Thechildren_____intheclassroomtwohoursago./:由what引导的主语从句,若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用_____形式。如:、由连接词and或both…and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用____形式的谓语动词。如:LucyandLily____twins./Theboyandthegirl_____surprisedwhentheyheardthenews./:①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用_____形式。如:e.;/②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,every其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Everystudentandeveryteacher_____intheroom../(an),manya(an)3、主语为单数名词或代词,后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词用_____形式;若主语为复数,谓语用_____形式。如:MrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,etoChina./NobodybutJimandMike______ontheplayground./She,likeyouandTom,、either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:Eachofus____anewbook./:①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词________。如:Neitherofthetextsis(are)interesting.②若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用______;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用______。如:Noneofushas(have)、在定语从句时,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中_____的数一致。如:Heisoneofmyfriendswho_____workinghard./、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用_____;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用______形式。这些词有family,class,crowd,population,等。如:ClassFour___onthethirdfloor./,police,cattle等名词一般都用作___。如:、由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,therestof,themajorityof+名词”以及“分数或百分数+名词”作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面_______的数而定。如:There_____alotofpeopleintheclassroom./Therestofthelecture____wonderful./50%:anumberof“许多”,作定语修饰_____名词,谓语用_____;thenumberof“…的数量”,主语是n