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呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）的流行病学及预防.ppt

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edifficultShorterinpatientstays(averagepostoperativestay,nowapproximately5days,isusuallyshorterthanthe5-to7-)Surveillancesystemsareoptionaltohospitalswithinfection-controlprogramsPreventionofVentilatorAssociatedPneumonia(VAP)VAPPracticeAlertEpidemiologyofVentilatorAssociatedPneumonia(VAP)ountfor15%ountfor27%ofallMICUacquiredinfectionsPrimaryriskfactorismechanicalventilation(risk6to21timestheratefornonventilatedpatients)CDCGuidelineforPreventionofHealthcareAssociatedPneumonias2003Cooketal,AnnInternMed1998;129:VAPPracticeAlertVAPEtiologyMostarebacterialpathogens,mon:usaureusEarlyVAPassociatedwithnon-multi-antibiotic-anismsLateVAPassociatedwithantibiotic-ialPneumoniasMortalityrangesfrom20to41%,anism,antecedentantimicrobialtherapy,andunderlyingdisease(s)ialinfectionsinhospitalsCDCGuidelineforPreventionofHealthcareAssociatedPneumonias2003Heylandetal,AmJRespirCritCareMed1999;159:1249Bercaultetal,CritCareMed2001;29:-Heylandetal,AmJRespirCritCareMed1999;159:;117:186-187SRelloetal,Chest2002;122:VAPPracticeAlert

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