(1)正式用法中,who是主格(subjectpronoun),在句子中作主语(subject)、或在从句中作主词的补语(thepredicatepronounsoftheirownclauses)。例如:例句-1:-1中who是动词needs的主语。例句-2:。用英语说就是:"who"isthepredicatepronounoftheclause"whoyouare."以前讲过,联系动词的前后都是名词(或代词)时,它们是指同一件事,所以you=who.(2)正式用法中,whom是受格(objectpronoun),在句子中作及物动词的宾语(object)或介词的宾语。请看以下的例句:例句-3:,we是主语,hired是谓语(及物动词),whom是及物动词hired的宾语。例句-4:Towhomdoesthisbookbelong?这里whom作介词to的宾语(object)(3)口语或非正式用法中,作动词或介词的宾语的whom放在句首时,往往被who所代替。如果whom紧接在介词之后,如例句-4,则不可被who代替。例句-5:Who(orWhom)doyoutakehertobe?这个句子可译为:你以为她是谁?例句-6:Who(orWhom)isthisletterfrom?这个句子可译为:这封信是谁寄来的?例句-7:Who(orWhom)didyouinvitetotheparty?(4)引导定语从句时,whom一般被who或that代替。例句-8:Theman(who/that/whom)ImetinSanJosewasverykind.
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