三级供应链应急转运策略优化的多层多目标规划模型.doc


三级供应链应急转运策略优化的多层多目
标规划模型#
许长延,汪传旭,刘学恒**
5
10
(上海海事大学经济管理学院,上海 201306)
摘要:针对由一个工厂、多个货物集散中心和多个零售商组成的三级供应链系统,考虑零售
商销售多种产品并采取应急转运策略。建立零售商订货量、转运量和直运量优化的多层多目
标规划模型,旨在实现零售商成本和顾客等待时间最小、顾客即时满足率和产品效用最大,
并结合多层多目标模糊最大—最小决策方法和粒子群算法求解模型。结合具体算例对模型进
行验证,最后使用模糊规划方法和交互式模糊方法计算模型,通过结果对比显示出多层多目
标模糊最大—最小决策方法的精确性。
关键词:物流系统管理;三级供应链系统;多层多目标规划;应急转运策略
中图分类号:F274
15
Multi-level Multiple Objective Programming Model for
Emergency Lateral Transshipment Optimization in a Three
Echelon Supply Chain System
XU Changyan, WANG Chuanxu, LIU Xueheng
20
25
30
35
40
( School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306)
Abstract: A three-echelon supply chain system consisting of one factory, multiple cargo distribution
centers and multiple retailers is considered, multiple goods are sold by the retailers and lateral
transshipment is allowed when the stockout happens in the retailers’ stores. A multi-echelon,
multi-objective programming model for optimizing the retailers’order quantity, transshipment quantity
from other retailers and direct transportation quantity from upstream is developed, which aims at
achieving the minimization of the retailers’cost , the customers’ satisfaction rate and the
minimization of the customers’ waiting time as well as the utility of the goods. The fuzzy
multi-echelon, multi-objective Max-Min decision method and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is
combined to solve the proposed model. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness
of the model and perform the sensitivity analysis.
Key words: Logistics system management;three-echelon supply chain system; Multi-echelon and
multi-objective programming; Emergency lateral transshipment strategy
0 引言
在供应链系统中, 合理的物资存储和运输策略对于降低物流成本、缩短顾客等待时间、
提高顾客即时率和产品效用具有一定的意义。供应链系统中零售商之间的产品库存共享和相
互转运, 是实现产品存储和运输策略合理化的一个重要途径。
目前,国内外学者对产品转运问题开展了一定的研究,Sherbrooke(1968)[1]首次研究了多
级供应链系统中的应急转运问题。在应急转运策略研究方面,1987 年,Lee[2]将同级仓库分
组,只有同组之间的仓库才可以相互转运,最后证明了应急转运可以有效的降低库存