ASIAN HISTORY FROM 1400 TO 1800.pptx

ASIAN HISTORY FROM 1400 TO 1800Rise of the Ottoman Turks?Ottoman Empire began in 1299 as a small territory in northwest Turkey under the leadership of Osman I?They first expanded to the Bosporus and Dardanelles to control trade?In 1453, ruler Mehmed II captures Constantinople and conquers the Byzantine Empire and the BalkansThe Janissaries Well trained elite guardRecruited from the local Christian population and converted to Islam?The attack began on April 6, 1453?They had a cannon that was 26 feet long and could shoot stone balls weighing up to 1,200 pounds?The siege lasted for almost two months – the city fall on May 29, 1453Sign of Power:Fall of ConstantinopleExpansion of the Ottoman EmpireSultan Selim I took control of Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Arabia from 1514 to 1517Suleyman I begins to expand into Europe. For the next 150 years they will conquer all the BalkansThe Ottomans will also expand into North Africa during the 1500’s and 1600’sThe Nature of Ottoman Rule?Considered a “gunpowder empire”– formed by outside conquerors who unified the regions they conquered.?Sultans – the head of the Ottoman government and military; position was passed down through the familyThe Nature of Ottoman Rule?Pashas - The Ottomans preferred to let locals rule by appointed Pashas to collect taxes, maintain law, and report to the Sultan?Grand Vizier – The Sultans chief minister, he will lead the meetings of the council and privately expressed the Sultans decisions Religion in the Ottoman World?Ottomans were Sunni Muslims?A religious advisor named the Ulema fulfilled the Sultans religious duties?Ottomans were generally tolerant of other religious groups?Other religious were allowed to practice their religion; they only had to pay higher taxesOttoman Society?Society anized into the following classes:–Ruling Class – Sultans – owned all the land–Artisans – organized by guilds?Professional groupings–Merchants–Peasants – leased the land to work–Pastoral Peoples – nomadic groups?Wom