论诉前调解.pdf

摘要 I 摘 要 随着我国经济社会的持续发展,人与人之间各种利益的摩擦频繁,民事案件呈现出的特点,不仅数量上呈爆炸式增长,案件类型也日趋多样化、复杂化。在诉讼制度日益被人们熟悉的同时其局限性也明显表现出来。为了弥补诉讼制度的不足,为了满足多元化的纠纷解决需求和合理的分配使用日益紧张的司法资源。除司法裁判以外,许多国家还允许存在调解、仲裁等多种非诉纠纷解决方式的。我国当前不仅未深刻地认识到法治建设的艰巨性, 以数十年之久尚未确立法院与法官之独立地位, 保障法院判决的权威性, 反而热衷于强化诉讼调解制度,并无限扩大调解的社会作用,试图建立囊括司法、行政及自治组织在内的“调解网”,将一切纠纷“一网打尽”。这种做法不仅不切实际,而且严重威胁着我国法治建设。 笔者有感于此,通过对域外相关纠纷解决机制的研究,结合当前我国部分地区的诉前调解实践,构建一种法治视野中的诉前调解制度,设置诉前调解制度不是要取消法院调解制度,而是对目前法院调解制度进行补充和完善,构建我国的诉前调解制度是立足于我国的司法实际,同时充分借鉴国外的先进司法理论和实践经验的基础上进行的,笔者有理由认为诉前调解制度的设置必将有利于缓解我国目前日益突出的社会矛盾。以促进纠纷解决机制构建的多元化和合法化,或许是在现行制度层面下的一种比较切实可行的方案,以达到充分满足当事人司法需求、缓解当前我国诉讼爆炸压力和缓解目前我国信访压力大的目的。 关键词 调解 纠纷解决机制 正当性 诉前调解 制度构建 Abstract II Abstract With the development of economy and society, it es more and more frequent for the friction between people. The civil cases are characterized not only by explosive growth in quantity, but also by the diversity plication in type. The litigation system is getting increasingly familiar with people, but its limita tions are also obvious. In order to make up the deficiency of litigation system, to meet the needs of multiplex dispute resolution, and to reasonably allocate and use the scarce judicial resources, many c ountries have also allowed to use many different kinds of way , such as ADR (alternative dispute resolution) to settle disputes, including mediation, arbi tration and so on. At present, it is not to be understood deeply for legal construction in our country. Inst ead of establishing the independent status of judge and court, it is keen in our country to strengthen litigati on mediation system and enlarge the social function of mediation unlimitedly, tr ying to build up the insi de "s”, including judicial, administrative and self- go anizations, and to settle all the disputes. These practices are unrealistic and ev en serious threat to our legal construction. In view of the phenomenon, combining with the current practices of pre-action mediation in some area of our country, the author tries