现在完成时态讲解11858现在完成时(presentperfecttense)present(now)futurepast现在完成时(presentperfecttense)“have(has)+过去分词”。如:①。②.③。注意:1)该句式中的have或has是助动词,has用于第三人称单数,其它人称一律用have。2)该句式中have(has)和过去分词之间可用just插入。3)把该句式译成汉语时,往往用“已经”,“刚刚”,“过”或“了”。如:④Haveyoureadthisstorybookyet?你读过这本故事书吗?⑤Hasheeatenthatappleyet?他吃那个苹果了吗?注意:1)现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yet。2)一般疑问句译成汉语时,往往译成“…..过吗?”,“还有….吗?”)其肯定回答用:Yes,….have(has).否定回答用:No,….haven‘t(hasn’t).有时用:No,,“have(has)+not+过去分词”。如:⑥Wehaven‘。⑦Thetrainhasn‘。注意:1)现在完成时的否定句句末往往加yet。2)否定句常译为“还没有……”等。动词的过去分词的规则变化,在动词后加ed,规则变化有以下四种:①原形+ed 如:worked, passed ②词尾是e时,直接加d 如:liked lived③若词尾为“辅音字母加y”,则改y为i加ed;词尾为“元音字母+y”时,直接加d。如: played stayed studied cried ④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节是,: stopped dropped动词的过去分词的规则变化不规则动词的过去式以及过去分词巧记规律AAA:put–put–putlet—let–letABA:e—became—eABB:stand—stood—stoodABC:eat—ate—eatencost-cost-costread-read-readput-put-putcut-cut-cutlet-let-letset-set-setbeat-beat-beathit-hit-hithurt-hurt-hurtspit-spit-spitrid-rid-rid一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。AAA有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的:run-ran-e-e-became-e-overcame-eABA原型过去式过去分词例词-eep-ept-eptkeep,sweep,sleep-ell-old-oldsell,tell-d-t-tlend,spend,send,build-ay-aid-aidsay,pay,lay-n-nt-ntburn,learn,mean-ee--e--e-meet,feed-ought-oughtbring,buy,fight,think-aught-aughtcatch,teachABB(含规则动词)
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