抗战时期湖南邮政应用研究.pdf

湘潭大学硕士学位论文抗战时期湖南邮政研究姓名:廖发棠申请学位级别:硕士专业:中国近现代史指导教师:黄小用 20080525 IV 摘要抗战时期,湖南省处于大后方与沦陷区的交接地带,战略地位十分重要。湖南邮政担负着为民众服务和为军政服务的重任,与整个湖南的抗战事业同呼吸,共命运,对抗战事业及战时人民生活起了极大作用,且湖南是抗战时期邮政事业发展得较好的省区之一。战争的进程极大地影响着湖南邮政事业的发展。抗战爆发后较长的时间里,湖南邮政事业依托良好的区位优势,在战前的基础上继续发展。湖南邮政局所和邮路增加很快, 遍布城乡,形成了覆盖全省的邮政网络。邮政业务有了扩展,收入也呈突飞猛进之势,财务连年盈余,湖南邮政日新月异,蒸蒸日上。抗战后期,湖南全境惨遭战火,邮政也惨遭蹂躏,局所数目一度剧减,邮路也极度萎缩,邮政经济状况不断恶化,出现了大面积亏损,邮政事业发展跌至抗战时期的最低谷。本文从总体上介绍了湖南邮政在抗战时期的经营管理和发展状况。首先介绍了战时湖南邮政的机构设置和邮路建设情况, 并重点论述了湖南邮政的管理制度,包括邮政人事制度、邮政业务和财务管理制度、邮政视察制度等,评价其管理制度的优缺点。其次叙述了湖南邮政的业务经营状况,阐述了战时湖南邮政经济发展的阶段特征。本文着重分析了湖南邮政在战时的地位和对抗战的作用, 首先对抗战时期湖南的军邮作了详细论述,介绍了军邮的设立、分布、业务范围、运作及对抗战事业的作用,并与战时的普邮进行对比,揭示其关系;其次论述了湖南邮政在战时通讯领域中的地位,总结战时湖南邮政对支援抗战和促进战时湖南经济社会文化等各方面发展的作用,从而揭示战时湖南邮政与湖南抗日斗争的关系。本文也对战时湖南邮政进行了评价, 指出战时湖南邮政事业的发展总体情况是很好的,基本上能适应战时的军政和民用通信的需要,这得益于湖南邮政建立了一套较为成熟的邮政管理制度,并拥有一支队伍稳定、工作高效的职工队伍。湖南邮政在发展中也存在着不少矛盾和问题,其中突出表现在邮政职工工作条件日渐艰苦,工作负荷不断加重,而实际生活待遇却不断变差,员工个人和家庭生活处境日益艰难。广大邮政职工在服务于邮政的同时,以邮务工会为依托,积极维护自身的合法权益,谋求改善生活状况。关键词:抗日战争时期;湖南;邮政通讯 V Abstract In the Sino-Japanese War time, Hunan Pr ovince had a very important strategic position. Hunan postal service shouldered the heavy responsibility which served for the populace and the military administration. It played a significant role to the Sino-Japanese War enterprise and the war time lives of the people. And Hunan postal service’s development was better than many other provincial areas in the Sino-Japanese War time. The process of war affected Hunan postal service's development enormously. In a long time after the outbreak of the war, Hunan postal service developed very quickly with th e advantage of location and a good prewar foundation. post office and the postal route in creased rapidly across urban and rural areas and the province's postal service ne twork had formed. The postal service had the expansion and the e had also assumed progresses by leaps and bounds. The latter period of the Sino-Japa nese War, Hunan suffered the flames of war, the postal service also suffered the devastation and