programming the global brain：规划全球脑.pdf

Programming the Global Brain Abraham Bernstein, aMark Klein ,b and Thomas W. Malone b MIT Center for Collective Intelligence MIT Center for Collective Intelligence Working Paper No. 2011 - 04 To appear in munications of the ACM May 2012, Vol . 55, Issue 5 November 2011 MIT Center for Collective Intelligence Massachusetts Institute of Technolog y aDepartment of Informatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland, ******@ n bMIT –Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, MA, m_******@ & ******@ T o appear in the Communications of the ACM M a y 2012, Vol .55, Issue 5 1 Programming the Global Brain Abraham Bernstein , aMark Klein, band Thomas W. Malone b New ways worked humans puters —whether they are called collective intelligence, puting, or various other term s —are already important and likely to e truly transformative in domains from education and industry to government and the arts. These systems are now routinely able to solve problems that would have been unthinkably difficult only a few short years ag o, combining the communication and number -crunching capabilities puter systems with the creativity and high -level cognitive capabilities of people. And all this is super -charged by the emergent generativity and robust evaluation that e from t he many eyes of large crowds of people. As the scale, scope, and conn