自考英语2课堂笔记Unit1.docx

Text A
What Is a Decision?
第一段：
A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available.
made是过去分词，作choice的定语，可改为定语从句 which / that is made …，from among是双重介词结构， 除 from 以外，还有 until、 but、except 后面可再跟介词短语。
The purpose of making a decision is to establish and achieve organizational goals and objectives. 该句中to establish and achieve…是不定式短语，充当句子表语成分。
The reason for making a decision is that a problem exists, goals or objectives are wrong, or something is standing in the way of accomplishing them.
句中介词for与前面名词reason搭配，表示”…的理由”。另外，当reason充当句子主语时，该句表语从句必
须以that引导。句中in the way意为”妨碍、阻碍”，way的搭配还有on the way (在…的路上)、by the way (顺便 问一下、顺便说一句) 。
第二段：
Thus the decision-making process is fundamental to management.
该句中 be fundamental to 意为 be important to
Almost everything a manager does involves decisions, indeed, some suggest that the management process is decision making.
该句第一分句的主谓结构是 everyth ingin volves decisio ns , everythi ng是主语，故谓语必须有 "s"标记。句中a
manager does为定语从句，前面省略了关系代词 that。此处切不可使用 which。第二分句中suggest意为”提出、
认为 "。若表示 "建议"，其宾语从句则必须使用虚拟语气，动词为： (should) do 型。
Although managers cannot predict future, many of their decisions require that they consider possible future events.
该句中 require 意为 "要求"，其宾语从句中也必须使用虚拟语气，动词为： (should) do 型。
Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to cha nee, but since un certa inty is always there, risk accompa nies decisi ons.
句中make a guess at意为"猜一猜”，注意介词at; what引导的是一名词性从句，作宾语； chance在此处表
示"偶然性”。
Sometimes the consequences of a poor decision are slight; at other times they are serious.
该句slight和serious显然为反义词，前者意为 "轻”，后者表示"严重”。
第三段：
Choice is the opport unity to select among alter natives.
该句名词opportunity后面的to select…是定语成分，因opportunity与动词select之间没有任何逻辑主谓关 系，故以不定式作定语。
If there is no choice, there is no decisi on to be made.
该句中 there is no decision to be made 也可写成 there is no decision making。
Decisi on making is the process