E-waste management systems - ITU：电子废物管理系统-国际电信联盟.pptx

E-waste management 1. E-waste definition; 2. Scope for regulation and standardization; 3. Principles underlying e-waste policies; 4. E-waste management system architecture; 5. Weaknesses; 6. Way forward. 2 1. E-waste definition ? There is mon definition for e-waste; ? E-waste legislations differ in scope; ?“ Any device that for functional reasons is dependent on electric currents or electro-ic fields in order to work properly. It es e-waste when the holder discards, intends or requires to discard ” ( Morselli et al., 2009). 2. Scope for regulation and standardization ? Dramatic rise of e-waste generation; ? Hazardous substances and materials - health and environmental impacts; ? Urban mining; ? Illegal traffic of e-waste vs digital divide. Picture: Andrew McConnell/ Alamy 3. Principles for e-waste policies 2. Reverse logistics “ Closed loop design through repair, remanufacturing or recycling ”, King et al. (2006) “ the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient, cost effective flow of raw materials and related information from the point of consumption to the point of origin for the purpose of recapturing value or proper disposal ” (Rogers, Ribben-Lembke, 1999). Principles for e-waste policies 1. Waste hierarchy Prevention Reuse Recycling Recover Final disposal Principles for e-waste policies 3. Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) Models for Extended Producer Responsibility, Lindhqvist (1992) According to OECD (2001), EPR is an “ environmental policy approach in which a producer ’ s responsibility for a product is extended to the post-consumer stage of a product ’ s life cycle ”. 4. E-waste management system architecture 1. Individual and collective producer responsibility; 2. pliance schemes E-waste management system architecture 3. Physical management of e-waste: take-back systems Definition of typical collection mechanisms for various stakeholders, UNU , StEP