初中英语知识点样稿.docx

初中英语知识点
1、现在进行时
表示正在发生事情或进行动作，常和now,listen,look等词连用，
结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing.
如：It is raining now.
外面正在下雨
It is six o’clock now.
现在6点了
My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.
我父母正在客厅看报纸
Look! The children are having a running race now.
看！孩子们正在赛跑
问句将be动词移前，否定句在be动词后+not.
2、通常现在时
表示常常反复发生事情或动作，常和often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等词连用。
结构是主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时，动词后加s或es.
如：We have an English lesson every day.
我们天天全部要上英语课
Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.
男孩比女孩跑快吗？是
问句借助于do, does否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t，后面动词一定要还原。
3、通常过去时
表示发生在过去事情或存在状态，常和just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。
结构是主语+be动词过去式（was; were）或主语+动词过去式。
注意：be动词和动词过去式不可同时使用。
如：My earphones were on the ground just now.
我耳机刚刚还在呢。
Where were you last week? I was at a camp.
你上个星期去哪了？我去野营了
What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm
你昨天去干嘛了？我去参观农场了。
问句有be动词将be动词移前，没有be动词借助于did，后面动词还原；
否定句有be动词在后面加not，没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。
4、通常未来时
表示将要计划发生事情或动作，常和tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等词连用。
结构是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。
如：What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.
你明天要去干嘛？我要去野餐。
The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.
孩子们下个星期将参与运动会。
Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.
Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。
问句将be动词或will移前；否定句在be动词或will后加not.
5、情态动词
can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may后一定加动词原形。
如：The girl can’t swim, but she can skate.
女孩不会游泳，不过会滑冰
Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.
不要再课上说话，你应该认真听老师讲。
6、祈使句
肯定祈使句以动词原形开头；否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。
如：Open the box for me ,please.
请为我打开盒子。
Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.
刘涛，明天请早点起床！
Don’t walk on the grass!
不要在草地上走！
Helen! Don’t climb the tree,please.
海伦！不要爬树。
7、go使用方法
去干嘛用go +动词ing
如: go swimming; go fishi