虚拟语气.ppt

Subjunctive Mood
虚拟语气
陈述语气
祈使语气
虚拟语气
语气的种类
用来陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。
用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。
表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非真实的假设、料想，或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。
定义：
用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。
条件从句
If 从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
现在
过去
未来
过去式 (were)
had done
would/could/should/might +V (原)
would/could/should/might +have done

2. should+ V.(原)
3. were to do
would/could/should/might +V. (原)
一. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。
★如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。
If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.
★要是当初她被邀请的话，她就会去参加这次聚会了。
She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.
★明年我要是二十岁，我就会学法语。
If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French.
，你就赶上这趟车了。
If you _______ here five minutes earlier，you
_______________ the bus .
，我就来帮你了。
If I ____ not busy, I _________ you now.
，我们怎么办？
What _____ we do if it __________
tomorrow?
had got
were
would help
should
were to snow
Would have caught
二. 虚拟语气特殊句型:
1. wish 的宾语从句
现在: 过去时（were）
过去: 过去完成时(had done)
未来: would/could/might +V.(原) should
I wish everyday were my birthday.
I wish I hadn't eaten so much food.
I wish I would grow tall.
我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。
I wish I were ten years younger now.
我昨天要是遇见他就好了。
I wish I had met him yesterday.
我希望成为一名科学家。
I wish I would be a scientist.
2. would rather that
现在:
过去:
未来:
★ I would rather you paid me now.
★ I would rather I hadn’t come yesterday.
★ I would rather you came tomorrow.
过去时
过去时
过去完成时
我宁愿你现在付给我钱。
我宁愿我昨天没有来。
我宁愿你明天来。
3. as if /though + 从句
现在：
过去：
过去时
过去完成时
★ She loves the baby as if it were her own son.
★ I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.
她爱这个婴儿就好像他是她亲生的一样。
我记着整个事情就好像它发生在昨天一样。