非谓语动词包含动词不定式,动词过去分词和动词-ing形式三种。这是高考中热点,其考查量多、面广,几乎是必考一个知识点。近六年高考复现率达百分之百。纵观试题,其考查关键为动词非谓语形式作用及功效相同非谓语动词之间区分。学生对此知识也“知之半解”,深感头疼。请看下面方法,将有利于记住不定式及动名词。
1、动词不定式
①不定式有标识, to和动词连一起。
②没有些人称数改变, 动词特点它含有。
③主宾定状表补语, 唯独作谓不能够。
④not 加上不定式, 否定结构要切记。
⑤疑问词和不定式, 组成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思索, 正确判定有依据。
解析:
①“to+动词原形”是它基础组成形式,即不定式标识。
②它没有些人称和数改变,不管主语是任何人称,单数还是复数,动词不定式全部没有改变。但它仍保留动词特点,能够有自己宾语或状语。
③它含有名词、形容词和副词三大特点,所以,它在句中能够作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它否定形式,不要受其它否定式影响,要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中能够做主语,宾语、表语、状语。
⑥经过以上分析,只要仔细研究,把不定式功效使用方法搞清楚,在应用时就能作出正确判定。
2、动名词:
哪些动词后面只能接动名词,下面顺口溜有利于记忆。
喜爱、考虑不可免(enjoy, consider, escape, avoid)
停止,放弃太冒险(stop, give up , risk)
反对想象莫推延(mine, imagine, delay, put off)
要求完成是期望(require, finish, look forward to.)
提议继续勤*练(suggest, go on, practise)
不禁原谅要坚持(can
’t help, excuse , insist on)
继续注意使成功(keep on, mind, succeed in)
1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.
A. enterB. to enter
C. enteringD. entered
【陷阱】轻易误选A。有同学一看到空格前情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter。
【分析】其实正确答案应是B。此句为省略句,即在 could 后省略了动词 do,若把句子补完整应为Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中不定式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目标状语,而不是和情态动词(could)一起组成谓语。请再看类似例句:
(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 她们尽可能抚慰她。
(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 她们尽一切力量拯救她性命。
(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 她拼命学习方便赶上她同学。
值得指出是,这也并不是说以后只要碰到类似结构题就一定选带to不定式。请看以下试题:
(4) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.
A. to hopeB. hope
C. hopingD. hoped
此题答案是 C不是A,其中现在分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。
(5) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.
A. practiseB. to practise
C. practisingD. practised
此题答案选 C,这和前面动词 spent 搭配相关,即 spend ... (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整,即为 He spent every minute he could sp
非谓语动词口诀速记重点样稿 来自淘豆网m.daumloan.com转载请标明出处.