实验花的构造ppt课件.ppt

第五章 植物器官的结构及组织分化
四、花
Flower
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The duckweeds (family Lemnaceae) are
the smallest flowering plants; their struc-
tural features mark them as extremely
reduced relatives of the aroid family
(Araceae), the family that includes calla
lilies (Zantedeschia) and Philodendron.
(a) A honeybee resting on a dense float-
ing mat of three species of duckweed. The
larger plants are Lemna gibba, about 2
to 3 millimeters long; the smaller ones
are two species of Wolffia, up to 1 milli-
meter long. (b) A flowering plant of W.
borealis, with a circular concave stigma
(looking like a tiny doughnut) and a min-
ute anther just above it, both protruding
from a central cavity. The whole plant
is less than 1 millimeter long. (c) Flower-
ing plant of L. gibba; two stamens and
a style protrude from a pocket on the
upper surface of the plant.
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Monocots. (a) A member of the palm
family, ily, the coconut palm (Cocos nuci-
fera), grozoing in Tehuantepec, Oaxaca,
Mexicon. The fruit of coconut is a drupe,
not a nut (see Chapter 19).
(b) Flowers
and fruits of the banana plant (Musa X
paradisiaca). The banana flower has an in-
ferior ovary, and the tip of the fruit bears a
large scar left by the fallen flower parts
.
(c) Rice (Oryza sativa) is a member of
the grass family.
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function of the leaves. (c) Round-lobed
hepatica (Hepatica americana), which
flowers in deciduous woodlands in the
early spring. The flowers have no petals
but have six to ten sepals and numerous
spirally arranged stamens and carpels.
(b) Saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea).
The cacti, of which there are about 2000
species, are almost exclusively a New
World family. The thick, fleshy stems,
which store water, contain chloroplasts
and have taken over the photosynthetic
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穗状花序
伞形花序
伞房花序
总状花序
圆锥花序
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柔荑花序
复伞形花序
头状花序
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